土壤污染修复工程异味控制技术应用研究

Research on the Application of Odor Control Technology in Soil Pollution Remediation Projects

土壤污染修复工程是解决土壤环境问题的重要手段,然而该过程常常伴随着二次污染,包括废气、废水、噪声和固体废弃物污染等,其中一些有刺激性味道的气体污染物可能会引发异味污染。这些异味物质不仅影响空气质量,降低场地的再利用价值,同时也对人体健康产生负面影响。阐述了土壤修复中异味二次污染现状,梳理了国内主要污染场地修复过程的异味种类和异味产生的影响因素。介绍了修复工程中主要的异味防治技术以及异味控制原理和技术特点,包括密闭大棚、尾气处治系统、喷淋系统、无人机异味控制系统、遮盖处理以及异味监测预警控制系统,总结了土壤修复工程中异味防治技术优缺点和应用场景,在异味严重区域要结合多种技术手段,降低异味污染对周边环境的影响,并从标准规范、技术创新和公众参与3个角度为未来土壤修复异味防治应用提出了工作建议。

Soil pollution remediation projects are an important means to solve soil environmental problems.However,this process is often accompanied by the generation of secondary pollution,including waste gas,waste water,noise and solid waste.Some of these gaseous pollutants with pungent odors may cause odor pollution.These odorous substances not only pose a threat to air quality,but also reduce the reuse value of the site,which has a negative impact on human health.This paper first explains the current situation of secondary pollution of atmospheric odors in soil remediation,and sorts out the types of odors and factors affecting the generation of odors in the remediation process of major domestic contaminated sites.Secondly,this paper introduces the main odor prevention technologies and odor control principles and technical characteristics in the remediation project,including airtight greenhouses,exhaust gas treatment systems,spray systems,drone odor control systems,covering treatments,and odor monitoring and early warning control systems,and summarizes the advantages,disadvantages and application scenarios of odor prevention and control technologies in soil remediation projects.It is suggested that a variety of technical means should be combined to reduce the impact of odor pollution on the surrounding environment in the area with serious odor.Suggestions for future soil remediation and odor prevention applications were put forward from three perspectives:standards,technical innovation,and public participation.