越西县植烟土壤肥力水平及综合评价

Soil Fertility Level and Comprehensive Evaluation of Tobacco Planting in Yuexi County

为明确凉山州越西县植烟土壤养分现况,在该县11个植烟乡镇,选取代表性区域采集127个土壤样品,采用模糊数学法和主成分分析法对越西主要植烟区的土壤pH值、有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾、有效硫、有效锌、交换性钙和交换性镁含量进行综合评价,并计算越西县土壤肥力适宜性指数(soil fertility suitability index,SFI)。结果表明:越西县各乡镇植烟土壤肥力等级均在Ⅲ级以上,SFI值为0.74,肥力适中。各乡镇SFI值比较为:板桥镇>新民镇>大花镇>中所镇>越城镇>大瑞镇>贡莫镇>普雄镇>南菁镇>保安乡>书古镇。指出了越西烟区部分地区pH值较低,施肥方案整体应根据当地实际情况调节,通过提高微量元素以及有机肥的用量,来提高土壤肥力,改善烟叶生产品质。

This paper aims to clarify the current status of soil nutrients in tobacco-planting soils in Yuexi County,Liangshan Prefecture.127 soil samples were collected from 11 tobacco-planting townships in Yuexi County.Fuzzy mathematical method and principal component analysis were used to comprehensively evaluate soil pH,organic matter,alkaline dissolved nitrogen(ADN),quick-acting phosphorus(QAP),quick-acting potassium(QAPK),effective sulphur(ES),effective zinc(Zn),exchangeable calcium(ECC),and exchangeable magnesium(Mg)content in Yuexi's main tobacco-planting areas.The soil fertility suitability index(SFI)of Yuexi County is computed.The soil fertility grade of tobacco planting in all townships of Yuexi County was above gradeⅢ,and the comprehensive fertility SFI index was 0.74,with moderate fertility.Among them,SFI is specifically expressed as Banqiao>Xinmin>Dahua>Zhongsuo>Yuecheng>Darui>Gongmo>Puxiong>Nanjing>Bao'an>Shugu.However,some areas have low pH levels,and the fertilization programme as a whole should be adjusted according to the actual local conditions,by increasing the amount of micronutrients as well as organic fertilizers to improve the soil fertility and improve the quality of high-quality tobacco production in the area.