土壤调理剂和生物有机肥对花生田土壤酸度及重金属含量的影响

Effects of Soil Conditioner and Bio-organic Fertilizer on Soil Acidity and Heavy Metal Content in Peanut Field

为探究施用不同土壤调理剂和肥料对花生田土壤理化性质、产量及重金属含量的影响,于2021年春季在莒南县文疃镇潘店村以花生为供试作物,设置7个土壤调理剂和生物有机肥配施处理,分别为N(配方肥250 kg/hm^(2))、CN(配方肥250 kg/hm^(2)+钙质土壤调理剂500 kg/hm^(2))、NS(配方肥250 kg/hm^(2)+硅钙钾镁肥500 kg/hm^(2))、NM(配方肥250 kg/hm^(2)+生物有机肥500 kg/hm^(2))、CMN(配方肥250 kg/hm^(2)+钙质土壤调理剂500 kg/hm^(2)+生物有机肥500 kg/hm^(2))、MNS(配方肥250 kg/hm^(2)+硅钙钾镁肥500 kg/hm^(2)+生物有机肥500 kg/hm^(2))、CMNS(配方肥250 kg/hm^(2)+钙质土壤调理剂500 kg/hm^(2)+硅钙钾镁肥500 kg/hm^(2)+生物有机肥500 kg/hm^(2)),比较和评估不同施肥模式对花生田酸化土壤改良和增产的效果。结果表明:配方肥配施硅钙钾镁肥、钙质土壤调理剂和生物有机肥均能提高土壤的pH,以MNS处理效果最好,其土壤pH值较对照显著提高11.95%,NS、CN和MN处理则分别显著提高了9.76%、4.18%和3.19%。配方肥配施硅钙钾镁肥、生物有机肥和钙质土壤调理剂均能有效降低土壤中的铬(Cr)含量。从经济效益来看,以施用配方肥、硅钙钾镁肥和生物有机肥的处理(MNS)效果最佳,其收益较对照处理高3891.6元/hm^(2)。该研究可为酸化花生田的土壤改良和地力提升提供参考。

In order to explore the effects of applying different soil conditioners and fertilizers on soil physical and chemical properties,yield and heavy metal content in peanut fields,in the spring of 2021,peanuts were used as a test crop in Pan-dian Village,Wentuan Town,Junan County,and 7 soil conditioners and bio-organic fertilizers were set up,with N(Formula fertilizer 250 kg/hm^(2)),CN(Formula fertilizer 250 kg/hm^(2)+calcium soil conditioner 500 kg/hm^(2)),NS(Formula fertilizer 250 kg/hm^(2)+silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer 500 kg/hm^(2)),NM(Formula fertilizer 250 kg/hm^(2)+bio-or-ganic fertilizer 500 kg/hm^(2)),CMN(Formula fertilizer 250 kg/hm^(2)+calcium soil conditioner 500 kg/hm^(2)+biological orga-nic fertilizer 500 kg/hm^(2)),MNS(Formula fertilizer 250 kg/hm^(2)+silicon,potassium and magnesium fertilizer 500 kg/hm^(2)+biological organic fertilizer 500 kg/hm^(2)),CMNS(Formula fertilizer 250 kg/hm^(2)+calcium soil conditioner 500 kg/hm^(2)+silicon,potassium and magnesium fertilizer 500 kg/hm^(2)+biological organic fertilizer 500 kg/hm^(2)),the effects of different fertilization models on improving acidified soil and increasing production in peanut fields were compare and evaluated.The results showed that formula fertilizers combined with silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizers,calcium soil conditioners and bio-organic fertilizers could increase soil pH.The MNS treatment had the best effect,and the soil pH value significantly increased by 11.95%compared with the control.NS,CN and MN treatments significantly increased by 9.76%,4.18%and 3.19%respectively.Formulated fertilizers combined with silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizers,bio-organic fertilizers and calcium soil conditioners can effectively reduce the Cr content in soil.In terms of economic benefits,the treatment of applying formula fertilizer,silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer and biological organic fertilizer(MNS)had the best effect,and its income was 3891.6 yuan/hm^(2)higher than that of the control treatment.This study can provide reference for soil improvement and soil fertility improvement in acidified peanut fields.