长沙县主要水稻种植模式生产技术及效益分析

Analysis of Production Technology and Benefits of Main Rice Planting Patterns in Changsha County

为明确再生稻种植模式的优势,为其在长沙地区的应用和推广提供科学依据,设置再生稻、双季稻机插秧、双季稻抛秧3种模式,在长沙县开展示范研究,对不同模式的种植技术、生产成本和经济效益进行比较分析。结果表明:再生稻模式采用水稻直播方式,减少了2次育秧操作,其总生产成本为12885元/hm^(2),与双季稻机插秧模式和双季稻抛秧模式相比,总生产成本分别降低了52.0%和49.6%,总产值分别减少了4980元/hm^(2)和4837元/hm^(2),但利润分别增加了8985元/hm^(2)和7868元/hm^(2)。再生稻模式的产投比为2.26,较双季稻抛秧模式提高了69.9%,较双季稻机插秧模式提高了78.0%。说明再生稻模式生产过程轻简、成本低、效益高,优势明显,可作为节本增效的水稻生产技术在长沙县适度推广应用。

In order to clarify the advantages of the ratoon rice planting model,and to provide a scientific basis for the application and promotion of the regenerative rice planting model in Changsha,the demonstration studies of three modes of ratoon rice,double cropping rice machine transplanting and double cropping rice seedling throwing were carried out in Changsha County,and the planting technology,production cost and economic benefits were compared and analyzed.The results showed that the ratoon rice mode adopts the direct seeding rice mode,which reduced 2 seedling rearing operations.The total production cost of the regenerated rice model was 12885 yuan/hm^(2),which was 52.0%and 49.6%lower than that of the double-cropping rice machine transplanting mode and the double-cropping rice seedling throwing mode,respectively.Compared with the double-cropping rice machine transplanting model and the double-cropping rice throwing mode,the total output value of the ratoon rice model decreased by 4980 yuan/hm^(2)and 4837 yuan/hm^(2)respectively,but its profit increased by 8985 yuan/hm^(2)and 7868 yuan/hm^(2)respectively.The production-to-input ratio of the ratoon rice model was 2.26,which was 69.9%higher than that of the double-cropping rice throwing mode and 78.0%higher than that of the double-cropping rice machine transplanting mode.The conclusion shows that the production process of the ratoon rice mo el is simple,low cost,high efficiency,and obvious advantages.It can be used as a cost-saving and efficiency-enhancing rice production technology in Changsha County.