东南亚数字产业发展的区域竞争优势研究

A Study on Regional Competitive Advantages of Digital Industry Development in Southeast Asia

数字技术民用化及其引发的新经济周期使东南亚在20世纪后期便承接了美日欧国家数字制造业的外溢部分,数字技术无形性、轻量化所带来的全球扩散效应是东南亚后发国家能够享受数字产业红利的根源,中美科技竞争加速了数字产业向东南亚的进一步集聚。从内在制度来看,东南亚国家普遍采用高度协同且开放的公私合作双轨制发展路径,政府端加强制度供给,私营部门提供技术资金共同主导,公私合力优化数字产业营商环境。从数字产业化角度看,东南亚起步早、本土特色明显、发展增速快;从产业数字化角度看,近年来东南亚开始重视推广工业4.0技术对传统产业进行升级,智慧制造和农业科技是重要应用场景。

The global diffusion effect brought about by the intangibility and lightweight of digital technology is the root cause of the late-developed countries in Southeast Asia being able to enjoy the dividends of digital industry.The civilization of digital technology and the new economic cycle it triggered enabled Southeast Asia to take over the spillover of the digital manufacturing industry from the United States,Japan,and Europe in the late 20th century,and the technological competition between China and the United States accelerated the further agglomeration of the digital industry in Southeast Asia.In addition,Southeast Asian countries generally adopt a highly synergistic and open dual-track public-private partnership development path,where the government on the one hand strengthens the system supply,and the private sector on the other hand provides technology and capital to jointly lead the public-private partnership to optimize the business environment of the digital industry.From the perspective of digital industrialization,Southeast Asia started early,with obvious local characteristics and rapid development growth;from the perspective of industrial digitalization,in recent years,Southeast Asia has begun to pay attention to the promotion of Industry 4.0 technology to upgrade the traditional industries,and smart manufacturing and agricultural science and technology are important application scenarios.