双重编码:作为数字零工的互联网织女研究

The Double-coding of Platform Infrastructure and Textile Patterns:A Case Study of Zhinv(Needlework Women)as Digital Gig Workers

不同于主流框架聚焦于平台企业与劳动者之间“控制-反抗”关系的考察,本研究将视野转向数字零工经济中不可见的“非主流”群体“织女”——使用平台基础设施从事编织零工的妇女。本研究通过网络民族志、深度访谈、问卷调查等方法发现,织女由不同背景和技能水平的妇女组成,发展出了丰富的零工技术策略,她们对手工编织劳动与平台基础设施进行“双重编码”,形成弹性和韧性兼具的非正规经济网络。从织女的劳动和组织实践入手,研究进一步讨论了妇女数字零工如何基于平台基础设施创造编织劳动的数字化新形态,基于物质与非物质的灵活技术策略发展出活劳动想象,进而反思妇女与编码及更广泛的技术劳动的历史关系及其在当下的现实悖论。本研究希望能以案例研究提供实证观察,补充零工经济的性别视角,为图绘中国零工经济的切面提供更具有理论延展性的视野。

Different from the mainstream framework that focuses on the examination of conflicts between platform companies and workers,this study turns its attention to the non-mainstream group in the digital gig economy-Zhinv"(needlework women),that is,those who use platform infrastructure to engage in textile gig work.Drawing on online ethnography,in-depth interviews,and survey,this study found that"Zhinv"are composed of women with different backgrounds and skill levels.They have developed complex strategies and double-encoded manual labor and platform infrastructure to form an informal economic network that is both flexible and resilient.Starting from the labor and organizational practices of"Zhinv",the study further discusses how Zhinv digitalized the traditional textile gig work by making use of the platform infrastructure,and develops an imaginary of living labor based on their flexible strategies.Furthermore,a historical comparative perspective is introduced to connect the historical relationship between women and coding and its realistic paradoxes.This study hopes to provide empirical observations through the case study,supplement the gender perspective of the gig economy,and offer a more theoretically extensible vision for mapping aspects of China's gig economy.