全国医疗机构PIVAS工作模式和人力资源设置的横断面研究

Cross-sectional study on working mode and human resource setting of PIVAS in national medical institutions

目的了解全国医疗机构静脉用药调配中心(PIVAS)工作模式和人力资源现状。方法采用问卷调查法,邀请全国PIVAS填写调查问卷,对问卷中有关PIVAS工作模式和人力资源的有效样本数据进行统计分析。结果共有来自29个省份的722家医疗机构的761个PIVAS填写了调查问卷,工作模式和人力资源调查的有效问卷分别为471和441份。在PIVAS工作模式方面,471个PIVAS中,有292个PIVAS(62.0%)为全药师模式,176个PIVAS(37.4%)为药护合作模式;除其他处方外,这两种工作模式下PIVAS接收的处方类型比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在人力资源设置方面,441个PIVAS中,各省份单个PIVAS平均总人数为24(16,33)人,其中药师11(6,19)人、护理人员7(2,13)人、工勤人员3(1,5)人;3类人员占比组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。2019年受访PIVAS的人均收入为7.9(4.8,10.7)万元,2021年为8.8(5.8,11.7)万元,2021年较2019年增长9.0%,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论我国医疗机构PIVAS没有全部执行全药师工作模式,一些医疗机构选择了药护合作模式。建议相关部门可以在充分调研PIVAS对护理专业人员需求的基础上,尽快出台相应的护理人员资格要求和培训标准。

OBJECTIVE To know about the working mode and human resource status of pharmacy intravenous admixture services(PIVAS)in national medical institutions.METHODS Through questionnaire survey,the national PIVAS was invited to fill out questionnaire and statistical analysis was performed on the effective sample data related to PIVAS working mode and human resources in the questionnaire.RESULTS In this study,761 PIVAS from 722 medical institutions of 29 provinces were involved in the questionnaire survey,with 471 valid questionnaires for working mode and 441 valid questionnaires for human resources survey.In terms of working mode,among 471 PIVAS,292 PIVAS(62.0%)were in pharmacist-alone mode,and 176 PIVAS(37.4%)were in pharmacist-nurse cooperative mode;there was no significant difference in the types of medical orders received by PIVAS between these two working modes except for the other medical orders(P>0.05).In terms of human resource setting,among 441PIVAS,the average number of total staff of single PIVAS was 24(16,33),including 11(6,19)pharmacists,7(2,13)nursing staff,and 3(1,5)workers;there was a statistically significant difference in the number of personnel among three groups(P<0.01).The per capita income of PIVAS respondents in 2019 was[7.9(4.8,10.7)]×10~4 yuan,and in 2021 it was[8.8(5.8,11.7)]×10~4 yuan,with an increase of 9.0%compared to 2019.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.01).CONCLUSIONS Medical institutions'PIVAS in China had not fully implemented the pharmacist-alone work model,and some medical institutions had chosen a pharmacist-nurse cooperative mode.It is suggested that relevant departments formulate corresponding qualification requirements and training standards for nursing personnel as soon as possible based on sufficient research on PIVAS's demand for nursing professionals.