扬琴作品《木兰辞变奏曲》的形象塑造与演奏分析

The Image Shaping and Performance Analysis of the Yangqin Work"Mulan Ci Variations"

中国上下五千年文明源远流长、博大精深,涌现了无数经典的传统文学著作与音乐艺术作品,同时二者也具备相辅相成的紧密联系,体现了中国劳动人民勤劳勇敢、不惧艰辛的品节气概。《木兰辞变奏曲》是根据《木兰诗》所创作的一首扬琴独奏作品,不仅是东北扬琴流派的代表之作,也是扬琴演奏者技艺的“试金石”。全曲通过“强烈递进的引子、婉转哀怨的慢板、激情紧张的过渡、节奏鲜明的急板、辉煌华丽的广板、回忆如歌的结尾”六个部分塑造了花木兰讽爽英姿的人物形象,“起承转合”的首尾呼应描绘了花木兰替父从军的心路历程,歌颂了花木兰忠孝两全的优良品格。本文以《木兰辞变奏曲》的创作背景为切入点,将中国传统文学与民族音乐艺术进行交又研究,并且结合了作者自身多年扬琴的演奏经验与教学心得,从多个方面分析了这首作品在演奏过程中需要注意的重点与难点、探究了花木兰这一人物在《木兰辞变奏曲》中的形象塑造,并根据故事情节的发展变化深入解析了花木兰的心路历程。

China's 5000 year civilization has a long and profound history,with countless classic traditional literary and musical works emerging.At the same time,the two also have a close relationship that complements each other,reflecting the hardworking,brave,and fearless character of the Chinese working people."Mulan Ci Variations"is a solo piece of yangqin created based on"Mulan Shi".It is not only a representative work of the Northeast yangqin school,but also a"touchstone"for yangqin performers'skills.The whole song portrays Mulan's heroic character through six parts:a strong progressive introduction,a gentle and sorowful slow tempo,a passionate and tense transition,a sharp and rhythmic tempo,a brilliant and magnificent wide tempo,and a memorable ending.The beginning and end of the song echo Mulan's journey of joining the army for her father,praising her excellent character of loyalty and filial piety.This article takes the creative background of Mulan Ci Variations"as the starting point,and conducts a cross research between traditional Chinese literature and ethnic music art.Combining the author's years of experience in playing the yangqin and teaching experience,it analyzes the key points and difficulties that need to be paid attention to in the performance process of this work from multiple aspects,explores the image shaping of Mulan as a character in"Mulan Ci Variations",and deeply analyzes Mulan's psychological journey based on the development and changes of the story plot.