嫩江流域河间地块地下水和地表水补给关系研究

Study on relationship between groundwater and surface water recharge ininter river block of Nenjiang River Basin

地下水和地表水的补给关系研究,是水资源管理、保护以及合理利用的基础。通过野外测绘、取样、室内试验测试以及数值模拟方法,分析了嫩江流域典型河间地块地下水和地表水的氢氧同位素、水化学特征以及地表水和地下水的补给关系。结果表明:地下水与地表水同位素均因蒸发分馏影响导致同位素富集,浅层地下水富集程度大于深层地下水,地下水富集程度大于地表水;水体中阴离子以HCO_(3)^(-)为主,阳离子以Ca^(2+)、K^(+)和Na^(+)为主,水化学类型主要以Na·Ca-HCO_(3)型或Ca·Na-HCO_(3)型为主;水体中Ca^(2+)与HCO_(3)^(-)主要来源于研究区气液变质成因的碳酸盐化岩类的风化/溶解,K^(+)、Na^(+)主要来源于长石类矿物的风化/溶解;地下水与地表水存在相互补给关系,地表水主要通过断裂通道向地下水进行补给,地下水通过径流补给至周边地表河流。研究结果可为嫩江流域的生态建设和水资源管理提供科学依据和数据支撑。

A study on the recharge relationship between groundwater and surface water is a foundation of water resource management,protection,and rational utilization.Through field surveying,sampling,laboratory tests,and numerical simulations,the hydrogen and oxygen isotopes,hydrochemical characteristics,and recharge relationship between surface water and groundwater in typical inter-river plots in the Nenjiang River Basin were analyzed.The results revealed that both groundwater and surface water exhibited isotopic enrichment due to evaporative fractionation,with shallow groundwater displaying a higher degree of enrichment than deep groundwater,and groundwater showing a higher degree of enrichment than surface water.In the water bodies,anions were dominated by HCO^(3-),while cations were mainly Ca^(2+),K^(+),and Na^(+).The main hydrochemical types were Na·Ca-HCO_(3)or Ca·Na-HCO_(3).The Ca^(2+)and HCO^(3-)in the water mainly originated from weathering and dissolution of carbonate rocks of gas-liquid metamorphism origin in the study area;while K^(+)and Na^(+)mainly came from weathering and dissolution of feldspathic minerals.An interdependent recharge relationship exists between groundwater and surface water,surface water primarily recharges groundwater through fault channels,while groundwater recharges surrounding surface rivers through runoff.These findings can provide scientific evidence and data support for ecological construction and water resource management in the Nenjiang River Basin.