数字经济时代发展新质生产力的动力、载体与保障

Driving Force,Carrier,and Safeguards for the Development of New Quality Productive Forces in the Digital Economy

发展新质生产力是推进经济高质量发展的必由之路。发展新质生产力需要以科技创新作为核心动力、以人才培养作为关键支撑、以科学的政策安排作为重要保障。在全球数字经济浪潮的冲击下,数字技术得以迅猛发展、数据面临隐私和安全保护问题、就业结构受到冲击、数字鸿沟以及全球化竞争加剧等现象为科技创新、人才培养和制度设计带来挑战。这对新质生产力在数字经济时代下的发展路径提出了新要求。首先,需要完善自主创新体系、革新科创体制以及配套发展新型生产关系,催生原创性和颠覆性技术创新,充分发挥科技创新在培育新质生产力中的核心动力作用。其次,需要创新教育制度和人力资本制度,为新质生产力匹配数智化新型劳动者,充分发挥人才在培育新质生产力中的关键支撑作用。最后,需要持续深化改革、创新分配制度、促进高水平对外开放,处理好政府与市场的关系、激发要素活力、提升我国在全球产业链和价值链中的地位,充分发挥政策在培育新质生产力中的重要保障作用。

Developing new quality productive forces is one of the most important paths to promote high-quality economic development.The development of new quality productive forces requires scientific and technological innovation as the core driving force,talent cultivation as the key support,and scientific policy arrangements as an essential guarantee.Under the impact of the global digital economy,there have been several challenges to the rapid development of digital technology.These include the privacy and security of data,impacts on employment structures,the digital divide,and intensified global competition.These challenges require new steps to cultivate new quality productive forces in the digital economy.Firstly,it is necessary to improve the independent innovation system,promote innovation in science,and develop new production relations.These steps are intended to promote original and disruptive technological innovations and to give full play to the role of scientific and technological innovation as the core driving force for the cultivation of new productive forces.Secondly,it is necessary to promote innovation in the educational system and in human capital,in order to match new types of workers with digital intelligence,and to give full play to the key supporting role of talent in cultivating the new quality productive forces.Finally,it is necessary to continue to deepen reform,innovate the distribution system,promote high-level opening to the outside world,deal with the relationship between the government and the market,stimulate the vitality of factors,and enhance China's position in the global industrial chain and value chain.These efforts are expected to harness the role of policy as an important safeguard in fostering the new quality productive forces.