多元主体利益关系视角下“粮气循环”研究

Research on“Food and Gas Cycle”from the Perspective of Multi-subject Interests

提升耕地质量是保障粮食安全的重要根基。以生物天然气为纽带的“粮—气—粮”循环农业具有改良土壤、节约资源、降低种粮成本等效用。本文以河南省商水县“粮气循环”实践为典型案例,在描述、总结“粮气循环”模式的做法和成效基础上,在政府、企业、农民多元主体利益关系视角下,基于物质流动链构建分析框架,分析各主体参与“粮气循环”的动力特征及主体之间的互动机制,探讨多元主体开展“粮气循环”的可能性和条件,并提出相关对策建议。研究发现:环境政策是地方政府参与“粮气循环”的关键动力,经济收益则是农民和生物天然气企业参与的关键动力;“粮气循环”模式通过填补秸秆处理、社会化服务、清洁能源供给等产业链短板,实现国家、地方政府、企业、农民多元主体的共同价值目标,形成多元主体之间的良性互动。

Enhancing the cropland quality is an important foundation for guaranteeing food security.The“food-gas-food”circular agriculture with bio-methane as a linkage has the effect of improving soil,saving resources and reducing the cost of growing food.This paper takes“food and gas cycle”practice as a typical case,on the basis of describing and summarizing the practices and effectiveness of the“food and gas cycle”mode,under the perspective of multi-subject interests of governments,enterprises and farmers,building an analytical framework based on material flow chains,analysing the dynamics characteristics of participation in the“food and gas cycle”mode and interaction mechanisms among various subjects,exploring the possibilities and conditions for multiple subjects implemented the“food and gas cycle”,and propose relevant suggestions.The research has two key findings,one is that environmental policy is the key impetus for local government attending the“food and gas cycle”mode,while the economic benefit is the key driver for farmers and bio-methane enterprises.The other is that“food and gas cycle”mode realize the common value goals of state,local governments,enterprises and farmers,by means of filling the short boards of the industrial chain,such as straw treatment,socialized services and clean energy supply,form a positive interaction among multiple subjects.