邮轮坐便器冲洗噪声测试及瞬态舱室噪声数值分析

Experiment Study on Toilet Flushing Noise and Numerical Analysis of Transient Cabin Noise of Cruise Ships

船上瞬态噪声源特性及舱室瞬态噪声数值计算是邮轮舒适性设计中的重要内容。以某邮轮客舱内瞬态噪声源-真空坐便器为研究对象,首先对其冲洗噪声的时频特性进行测试,发现该类型坐便器在开始冲洗和结束冲洗阶段噪声较大,时域峰值声压级达115dB,噪声能量主要集中在200~500Hz频段。其次,对坐便器声源作用下的瞬态舱室噪声数值计算开展深入研究,应用声学边界元法与统计能量分析法,在20Hz~8kHz频段计算坐便器冲洗过程中其在舱室中产生的瞬态噪声响应,并将数值计算结果与实验结果进行对比,两者的平均总声压级之差为1.17dB,平均相关系数为0.912。结果表明瞬态舱室噪声数值预报结果与实验测量结果吻合较好。采用所提出的方法可以有效预报邮轮瞬态舱室噪声。

The characteristics of the transient noise source on board and the numerical simulation of the transient noise in the cabin are important contents in the comfort design of cruise ships.In this paper,the cabin transient noise source and vacuum toilet of the cruise ships are taken as the research object.The time-frequency characteristics of the flushing noise of the toilet are tested.It is found that this type of toilet is very noisy at the beginning and end of the flushing stage,and the peak sound pressure level in the time domain reaches 115 dB.The noise energy is mainly concentrated in the frequency band of 200-500 Hz.Then,the numerical simulation of the transient cabin noise under the action of the toilet noise source is per-formed in detail.The acoustic boundary element method and the statistical energy analysis method are applied to calculate the transient noise response of the cabin to the toilet flushing process in the frequency band of 20-8000 Hz.The numerical simulation results are compared with the experimental measurement results.It is found that the average error of the overall sound pressure level is 1.17 dB and the average correlation coefficient is 0.912,which show that the numerical prediction re-sults of transient cabin noise are in good agreement with the experimental measurement results.The proposed method can ef-fectively predict the transient cabin noise of cruise ships.