关系美学视域中文人山水画的三重关系

The Triple Relationship of Literati Landscape Painting from the Perspective of Relational Aesthetics

文人山水画以自然主义哲学为基础,通过独特的艺术表现手法营造了“可行”“可望”“可游”“可居”的精神栖居空间。在关系美学视域中,文人山水画作为一种以人的关系和交往脉络为出发点的艺术,借助物性与人的生存发生了关联。这种关联包含了艺术家与作为经验世界视觉对象物的自然山水的合作关系,观者与作为观看对象的山水绘画的参与关系以及艺术家与观者通过画幅载体而建立的“观—我”与“观—是”的传递关系。这三重关系直接指向了文人绘画的伦理价值,即对自然人性与人的生存状态的深切关怀。

Based on naturalistic philosophy,literati landscape painting creates a spiritual dwelling space that is“walkable”“viewable”,“roamable”and“livable”through unique artistic expression techniques.In the field of relational aesthetics,literati landscape painting,as an art starting from human relationship and communication vein,establishes a connection with human existence by means of materiality.This connection encompasses the cooperative relationship between the artist and the natural landscape as the visual object of the experiential world,the participatory relationship between the viewer and the landscape painting as the viewing object,and the transmission relationship between the artist and the viewer through the canvas which involves the“regarde-moi”and“regarde-ça”.The three relations directly point to the ethical value of literati painting,that is,the concern for natural humanity and human existence.