外泌体在肝衰竭中的调控机制及其在临床诊疗中的应用价值

Regulatory mechanism of exosomes in liver failure and the application value in diagnosis and treatment

外泌体是介导细胞间物质与信息传递的重要媒介,源自肝细胞、肝干细胞或肝外间充质干细胞等的外泌体通过抑制免疫炎症反应、拮抗氧化应激与凋亡、诱导自噬等多种方式促进损伤肝细胞的修复与再生,发挥对肝衰竭的保护作用。本文综述外泌体在肝衰竭发病中的分子调控机制及其对肝衰竭发生发展与预后转归的影响,旨在评价其作为肝衰竭诊断标志物与治疗靶点的潜在价值。

Exosomes are an important vehicle for mediating material transportation and information transmission between cells,and the exosomes derived from hepatocytes,liver stem cells or extrahepatic mesenchymal stem cells promote the recovery and regeneration of damaged hepatocytes by inhibiting immune inflammatory response,antagonizing against oxidative stress and apoptosis,and inducing autophagy,thereby exerting a protective effect against liver failure.This article reviews the molecular mechanism of exosomes in regulating the pathogenesis of liver failure and its effect on the development,progression,and prognosis of liver failure,in order to assess the potential value of exosomes as a diagnostic marker and a therapeutic target.