禅境与文心:牧溪绘画意境的构建

Zen Realm and Literary Mind: The Construction of the Artistic Conception in Muxi's Paintings

禅宗的禅理、禅意、禅境在禅僧士大夫化、士大夫禅僧化的社会背景下,引导中国绘画以超自然、超社会、超世俗的理念,向着深邃的禅宗意境发展。以“墨戏”形式创造出的造型怪诞、笔墨粗放、情绪饱满的禅宗绘画,为中国传统绘画开创了一片新天地。结合牧溪的传世作品和文献资料,可知其绘画作品具有鲜明的文人画和禅画的双重特性。禅境和文心是牧溪绘画意境的主要因素,并构成了其绘画的特殊风格。

The Zen philosophy,Zen meaning,and Zen realm of Zen Buddhism,on the social background of Zen monks becoming literati and literati becoming Zen monks,guide Chinese painting to develop towards a profound Zen realm with supernatural,hyper-social,and hypersecular concepts.The Zen paintings created in the form of"ink play"are grotesque in shape,extensive in brush and ink,and full of emotion,creating a new world for traditional Chinese painting.Based on the historical works and literature of Muxi,it can be seen that his paintings have distinct dual characteristics of literati painting and Zen painting.The Zen realm and literary mind are the main factors in the artistic conception of Muxi's painting,and constitute his unique style of painting.