基于可预知大客流的城市轨道交通列车加开计划调整模型与算法

Plan Adjustment Model and Algorithm for Inserting Extra Trains in Urban Rail Transit Based on Predictable Large Passenger Flow

[目的]节假日、大型文体活动等事件会导致城市轨道交通线路产生可预知大客流,需在确保列车运行安全的前提下,根据客流预测情况在已有列车运行图中加开列车,以期在运营成本、运营组织复杂度和乘客服务水平之间取得平衡。[方法]采用事件-活动网络,对列车运行过程进行了形式化描述,建立了3个目标函数及相关的约束条件,进而构建了独立运用策略下列车加开计划调整模型、套跑混合运用策略下列车加开计划调整模型。在此基础上,提出了基于混合遗传禁忌的搜索算法。结合深圳地铁11号线的实际运营数据,在高峰时段和非高峰时段分别建立了不同的算例场景,以验证所建模型和算法的有效性。[结果及结论]所建模型支持不同运营时段、不同运行交路、不同车底接续策略下列车加开需求,在可预知大客流的运营调整上具有适用性。在车辆资源相对有限的情况下,为有效缓解高峰时段的客流压力,可灵活采用大小交路套跑混合运用策略,使线路的运输能力最大化。

[Objective]Holidays,large-scale cultural and sports activities and other events will lead to large predictable passenger flow in urban rail transit.Under the premise of ensuring the train operation safety,extra trains should be inserted into the existing train operation plan according to the predicted passenger flow so as to strike a balance between operation cost,operational organization complexity and passenger service level.[Method]The train operation process is formally described by using event-activity network.Three objective functions and related constraints are established,and then the train operation schedule adjustment models under independent operation and mixed running strategies are further constructed.On this basis,a search algorithm based on hybrid genetic taboo is proposed.According to the actual operation data of Shenzhen Metro Line 11,different scenarios for peak hours and off-peak hours are established respectively to verify the effectiveness of the proposed models and algorithm.[Result&Conclusion]The proposed models meet the demands of inserting extra trains into operation in different operation periods,routes,and connection strategies,and are applicable to the operation adjustment with predictable large passenger flow.Under the condition of relatively limited vehicle resources,the mixed running strategy can be flexibly adopted to effectively alleviate the passenger flow pressure during peak hours and maximize the transportation capacity of the line.