多运营主体、多系统制式下都市圈轨道交通的客票定价策略及清分系统设计

Passenger Ticket Pricing Strategy and Clearing System Design for Rail Transit with Multiple Operating Entities and Multiple System Modes in Metropolitan Area

[目的]都市圈轨道交通不同运营主体、不同系统制式的线路在客运量划分、运营成本核定上有所不同,且存在差异化定价需求。为促进都市圈“四网融合”,应对多运营主体、多系统制式(以下简称“二多”)下都市圈轨道交通的客票定价策略及其清分系统设计方案进行研究。[方法]基于二多条件下都市圈轨道交通线路客票定价及票务清分的特点及难点,提出了3种定价模式:全网统一票价率模式、OD(起讫点)差异化定价模式、基于OD和进出站时间的差异化定价模式,并分别制定了与之相匹配的票务清分流程。在此基础上,提出了二多条件下都市圈轨道交通线网票务清分系统的3个设计方案,以满足二多条件下都市圈轨道交通线网票务清分系统的不同需求。[结果及结论]应根据都市圈轨道交通线网的不同发展阶段,采取适宜的定价模式及清分方法。应根据都市圈轨道交通线网的运营主体特点及都市圈线网运营管理规划,选择合适的票务清分系统设计方案。

[Objective]Metropolitan area rail transit lines with different operating entities and different system modes differ in passenger capacity division and operating cost verification,and there is a need for differentiated pricing.In order to promote the integration of four networks(mainline railways,intercity railways,suburban railways,and urban rail transit)in the metropolitan area,the ticket pricing strategy and the clearing system for metropolitan area rail transit under the condition of multiple operating entities and multiple modes(hereinafter referred to as"two-multiple")should be studied.[Method]Based on the characteristics and difficulties of passenger ticket pricing and ticket clearing in metropolitan area rail transit lines under two-multiple conditions,three pricing models are proposed:a unified fare rate model for the entire network,an OD(origin/destination)differentiated pricing model,and a differentiated pricing model based on OD and entry/exit time,and matching ticket clearing processes are formulated respectively.On this basis,three design schemes for the ticket clearing system are proposed to meet the different needs of the ticket clearing system of metropolitan rail transit line network under two-multiple conditions.[Result&Conclusion]Appropriate pricing models and clearing methods should be adopted in accordance with the different development stages of the metropolitan rail transit network.The proper design of clearing system should be selected according to the characteristics of operating entity and the operation/management plan of the metropolitan rail transit network.