江苏海岸侵蚀及其防护工程研究进展

Research progress on coastal erosion and protection engineering in Jiangsu Province

在分析江苏淤泥质海岸侵蚀特征的基础上,对江苏海岸防护工程发展历程进行了梳理。随着冲淤转换节点南移,江苏海岸侵蚀岸段范围逐渐扩大,滩面下蚀且海岸盐沼大面积消失;传统的局部海岸防护形式已显被动,迫切需要一种局部与宏观相结合、自然与工程相结合的可持续性侵蚀海岸管理策略。指出应将废黄河三角洲沿岸作为一个整体,建立宏观的“大型丁坝+离岸潜堤”相结合的整体海岸防护体系。在纵向上,构建以人工岬角为节点的岬湾相间海岸;在横向上,通过离岸潜堤消浪促淤来进行盐沼生态系统的修复与重建。

On the basis of analyzing the erosion characteristics of muddy coast in Jiangsu Province,the development process of coastal protection engineering in Jiangsu Province is summarized.With the southward shift of the erosion and siltation transition node,the range of eroded coast is expanding,with significant undercutting of tidal flats and large-scale disappearance of coastal salt marshes.Traditional localized coastal protection method have become passive.There is an urgent need for a sustainable erosive coastal management strategy that integrates both local and macro approaches,as well as natural and engineering solutions.It is suggested that the coast along the abandoned Yellow River Delta should be treated as a whole,and a comprehensive coastal protection system that combines large groynes and offshore submerged breakwaters should be established.Longitudinally,a headland-bay alternating coastline should be built using artificial headlands as nodes.Transversely,the restoration and reconstruction of salt marsh ecosystems should be carried out through offshore submerged embankments to dissipate waves and promote sedimentation.