辽宁建平县小黑山遗址发掘简报

Brief Report on Excavation of the Xiaoheishan Site in Jianping County,Liaoning

小黑山遗址位于辽宁省建平县红山街道张福店村东北的坡地上,遗址地处101国道北侧,南侧有第二忙牛河的季节性支流自西南向东北流过,东北部距建平县城约10公里,西南部邻近牛河梁遗址群的东北边缘,距牛河梁遗址第一地点约2.8公里(图一)。遗址地势北高南低,南半部因人为破坏形成断崖,断崖处暴露数处灰坑、房址等遗迹。

In 2021,the Research Center for Chinese Frontier Archaeology,Jilin University and others conducted excavation at the Xiaoheishan site in Jianping County,Liaoning,and uncovered a small,hilltop,moated settlement dating to the mid-late Lower Xiajiadian culture.Discovered features include houses,midden pits and ditches,along with artifacts made of pottery,stone,bone,antler,and tusk.The main part of the settlement has been revealed,and various functions of midden pits have been identifed.Amongst them,three types of special midden pits were distinguished:pits filled with stone blocks used for artifact manufacturing or construction materials;pits containing collapse dwelling debris mainly composed of red burnt adobe;and pits with many deliberately broken and buried pottery sherds,likely representing sacrificial pits.This excavation has provided significant data for further understanding the cultural characteristics of early Bronze Age regional societies in the Jianping to Lingyuan area.It has also enriched our knowledge of the distribution and layout of Lower Xiajiadian culture settlements.