激光多边坐标测量系统及其发展现状综述

A Review of Laser Multilateration Coordinate Measurement Systems and Their Development Status

激光多边坐标测量系统具有坐标测量精度高的特点,引起了各国学界、业界以及计量机构的众多关注。然而,由于大空间范围坐标测量准确度受到多种因素的影响,且国内关于激光多边坐标测量系统测量与校准相关标准缺失,激光多边坐标测量系统的发展仍然面临很多问题亟需解决。针对激光多边测量原理、系统参数自标定方法、坐标测量溯源现状及其相关标准制定、测量不确定度评定及其影响因素分析、激光多边坐标测量在姿态测量领域的延伸以及国内外在工业领域的实际应用进行了广泛的调研与总结。其中,国内外研究人员在补偿环境场干扰、减小测距误差、提升系统自标定精度、增加测站数量、设置约束条件与研究系统最优布局等测量精度提升方向进行了多种不同尝试。同时,国内激光多边坐标测量系统测量、校准与溯源等相关标准的建立与完善可以为工业领域应用中大型零部件的制造装配和仪器的校准补偿等提供参考与依据。综述了激光多边坐标测量系统在大空间范围测量领域的相关研究进展,重点关注激光多边法坐标测量原理、系统参数自标定方法、坐标测量不确定度和应用,旨在为研究人员提供关于激光多边坐标测量系统的发展现状与未来发展趋势,促进大空间范围坐标测量技术的发展。

Laser multilateration coordinate measurement systems have gained significant attention from academia,industry,and metrology institutions worldwide due to their high coordinate measurement accuracy.However,the accuracy of coordinate measurement in large spatial ranges is affected by various factors,and there is a lack of domestic standards related to the measurement and calibration of these systems in China.Consequently,the development of laser multilateration coordinate measurement systems still faces numerous challenges that need to be addressed.This review comprehensively examines and summarizes the principles of laser multilateration measurement,system parameter self-calibration methods,coordinate measurement traceability status and related standard formulation,measurement uncertainty assessment and analysis of influencing factors,the extension of laser multilateration coordinate measurement in attitude measurement,and its practical applications in industrial fields both domestically and abroad.Researchers have made various attempts to improve measurement accuracy,such as compensating for environmental field interference,reducing ranging errors,enhancing system self-calibration accuracy,increasing the number of measurement stations,setting constraints,and investigating optimal system layouts.Furthermore,establishing and improving relevant standards for domestic laser multilateration coordinate measurement systems,calibration,and traceability can provide references and a basis for manufacturing and assembly of large components in industrial applications,as well as instrument calibration and compensation.This review focuses on the principles of laser multilateration coordinate measurement,system parameter selfcalibration methods,coordinate measurement uncertainty,and applications.It aims to provide researchers with insights into the current development status and future trends of laser multilateration coordinate measurement systems,thereby promoting the advancement of coordinate measurement technology in large spatial ranges。