从风险管控到整体性治理:我国失散人口治理的转型

From Risk Control to Holistic Governance:Transformation of Governance of Missing Population in China

社会成员的走失与失散现象嵌入在结构性的社会变迁中。在国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的进程中,我国失散人口治理呈现出从风险管控向整体性治理的转型。风险管控是自上而下社会管理视角下意在达成秩序建构和维护目标所采纳的策略,其制度分工表现为公安部门主导的犯罪控制实践,以及民政部门采纳的流动限制策略。之后,伴随着多元治理概念的提出,服务型政府改革、网络公共领域的兴起、大众媒体的宣传以及个体情感价值的提升等多重变迁性力量结合在一起,推动了当代失散人口治理迈向整体性治理态势,展现出跨机构协同、公私部门联合、公共利益整合及技术理性吸纳等四个面向,由此昭示失散人口治理作为一项集体性事业的生成性及回应性。

In the modernization process of national governance system and governance capacity,the governance of missing population shows a transition from risk control to holistic governance.The risk control strategy is based on the top⁃down structural context of order construction,which is manifested through the totality of the institutional division of labor in the form of crime control by the public security department and mobility restrictions by the civil affairs department.There⁃after,with the reform of the service⁃oriented government,the rise of the online public sphere,the publicity of the mass media,and the promotion of the emotional value of the individual,the contemporary governance of missing populations has moved towards holistic governance,which demonstrates the generativeness and responsiveness of the governance of missing population as a collective endeavor.