“雌”善成就慈善?——中国慈善的女性主义基础及其论证

Does Women's Kindness Lead to Successful Charity——Feminist Foundation of Chinese Charity and Relevant Analysis

慈善事业不但构成一个社会健康发展的重要基础,也是彰显社会道德与人伦的重要维度。基于这种属性,人们往往对慈善事业特别是其从业者抱有更多的道德化期许。那么,如何理解女性慈善从业者的秉性?是什么因素决定了某一行业从业者的性别结构与偏好?进而,女性较男性更多涉足慈善业是由于慈善亲和了女性的特质,还是作为弱势的女性屈尊于同样弱势的慈善业?揭橥女性与慈善的内在关联,尤以性别主义的视角打量慈善事业,不仅可以刻画职业分殊的性别基础,而且有助于我们刷新对慈善与女性关系的认知,从而实现增促女性参与和慈善发展的双重目标。

Charity not only constitutes an important foundation for the healthy development of a society,but also high⁃lights an important dimension of social morality and human relations.Based on this attribute,people often have more moral expectations for charity,especially its practitioners.In this regard,how can we understand the character of female practi⁃tioners in charity?What factors determine the gender structure and preferences of practitioners in a certain industry?Fur⁃thermore,is the fact that women are more involved in charity than men due to its affinity for female characteristics,or are they condescending to equally disadvantaged charity industries as the disadvantaged gender?Revealing the internal relation⁃ship between women and charity,especially from the perspective of gender theory,can not only depict the gender basis of career differentiation,but also contribute to refreshing our understanding of the relationship between charity and women,so as to achieve the dual goals of increasing women's participation and charity development.