小麦对土壤水分胁迫响应的研究进展

Research Progress on Response of Wheat to Soil Water Stress

水资源短缺是限制农业生产发展的主要因素之一。小麦对土壤水分较为敏感,水分亏缺对小麦产量与品质有较大影响。在介绍小麦需水特性的基础上,综述了土壤水分胁迫对小麦光合作用、干物质积累、根系生长发育及籽粒形成的影响研究进展,并从遗传改良、灌溉管理、土壤管理3个方面提出了水分胁迫的应对措施,以期为小麦栽培提供一定的理论依据。

Water scarcity is one of the main factors limiting the development of agricultural production.Wheat is sensitive to soil moisture,and water deficit has a significant impact on wheat yield and quality.On the basis of introducing the water demand characteristics of wheat,this paper reviewed the research progress on the effects of soil water stress on wheat photosynthesis,dry matter accumulation,root growth and development,and grain formation.Corresponding measures for water stress were proposed from three aspects(genetic improvement,irrigation management and soil management),in order to provide a theoretical basis for wheat cultivation.