摘要
通过哥伦比亚大学藏陈光甫文件与现存胡适日记的比较,查明具体史事,考析胡适日记的“缺失”内容,可知胡适尽管并未直接参与中美桐油借款谈判,但在关键时刻与陈光甫精诚合作,在策略制定上提供辅助和给予支持,并间接推动美国国务院对借款政策的调整和转变,为借款谈判的成功发挥了独特作用。进一步而言,中美桐油借款谈判实际上体现了国民政府对美国外交双轨并行的策略,即实行双代表体制。这一体制缘于美国政府内部对华政策的分歧,特别是联邦财政部与国务院在对华援助上的不同立场。在双代表体制下,国民政府“舍外交部而就财部”,通过陈光甫与胡适的共同努力,最终突破了美国政府内部的分歧,推动《桐油借款合约》的达成。
By comparing Kwang Pu Chen’s documents archived by Columbia University with the existing diaries of Hu Shi,this paper finds out the specific historical events and examines the“missing”contents of Hu Shi’s diaries.On this basis,this paper proposes that although Hu Shi did not directly participate in the negotiation of the Sino-American wood oil loan,he cooperated closely with Chen at a critical moment,provided assistance and support in the formulation of strategies,and indirectly promoted the adjustment and transformation of the US State Department,which played a unique role in the success of the loan negotiations.Furthermore,the wood oil loan negotiations actually reflected the dual-track parallel strategy of the National Government’s diplomacy with the United States,the dual-representative system.This system was due to the divergence of US government’s policy to China,especially the different positions of the Federal Treasury Department and the State Department on aid to China.Under the dual-representative system,the National Government focused on the Federal Treasury Department rather than the State Department.Through the joint efforts of Kwang Pu Chen and Hu Shi,finally the National Government broke through the divisions within the US government and promoted the conclusion of the“Wood Oil Loan Contract”.
作者
黄珍德
Huang Zhende(School of History and Culture,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510631)
出处
《华中师范大学学报(人文社会科学版)》
北大核心
2024年第5期142-153,共12页
Journal of Central China Normal University:Humanities and Social Sciences
关键词
胡适
桐油借款
陈光甫
中美关系
双代表体制
Hu Shi
wood oil loan
Kwang Pu Chen
Sino-American relations
dual-representative system