家国一体:老龄社会治理的中国秩序

Family-State Integration:The Chinese Order of Ageing Society Governance

老龄社会治理兼具国家力量的制度设计与家庭建设的机制保障,不仅事关家庭的结构变迁或功能弱化的问题,也关乎国家在迈向重度老龄化新国情下的角色定位和职能界定的问题。西方的治理困境及中国的治理实践表明,家国秩序是老龄社会治理的内在逻辑。如果不理解家庭与国家的秩序关系并予以理顺,将无法有效构建老龄社会治理体系。作为一个复杂性议题,中国老龄社会治理的家国秩序不是西方福利国家在“家庭化、去家庭化或再家庭化”的主观意志,而是在“家国同构”的关系共同体下动态的历史演进。以家国一体为典型特征的老龄社会治理的中国秩序,既是尝试对西方福利国家的理论修正,更是面向现代性与人民性的实践表征。

Governance of an ageing society involves both state-led institutional design and familybased mechanisms.This issue concerns not only the structural changes or functional weakening of families but also the role and function of the state in the context of deep ageing.Western governance challenges and Chinese governance practices indicate that the family-state order is the inherent logic of ageing society governance.Without understanding and harmonising the relationship between family and state,it is impossible to effectively build an ageing society governance system.As a complex issue,the family-state order in Chinese ageing society governance is not determined by the subjective will of"familialisation,defamilialisation,or refamilialisation"as seen in Western welfare states,but rather is a dynamic historical evolution within a"family-state isomorphism"communal relationship.This Chinese order of ageing society governance,characterised by family-state integration,seeks to correct Western welfare state theories and represents the practice of modernity and the people's interests.