期前收缩病人中医证候特征的文献分析

Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes in Patients with Premature Systole

目的:通过文献分析期前收缩病人的中医证候特征及构成证素分布规律。方法:检索建库至2022年12月中国知网、维普、万方和PubMed数据库公开发表的期前收缩文献,经筛选后提取符合纳入标准文献的证候及证素等信息,并进行统计分析。结果:共纳入文献63篇,其中室性期前收缩文献58篇,房性期前收缩文献5篇,共涉及病人6791例。期前收缩病人的常见证候包括气阴两虚证(15.42%)、气血两虚证(9.38%)、心血瘀阻证(7.18%)等;常见病位证素包括心(64.02%)、肾(12.84%)、脾(9.91%)等;常见病性证素包括气虚(23.14%)、阴虚(16.88%)、血瘀(15.99%)、痰(9.35%)等。亚组分析结果显示,房性期前收缩病人的常见证候为气血两虚(30.29%)、心阳不振(16.57%)、痰火扰心(14.86%)等;常见证素为气虚(19.51%)、血虚(19.21%)、血瘀(16.46%)等。室性期前收缩病人的常见证候为气阴两虚(15.87%)、气血两虚(8.76%)、心血瘀阻(7.40%)等;常见证素为气虚(23.23%)、阴虚(17.03%)、血瘀(15.98%)等。结论:期前收缩病人总体证候特征虚实夹杂、以虚为主,气阴两虚并重、痰热血瘀互结。

Objective:To analyze the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine syndromes and the distribution of component syndromes in patients with premature systole.Methods:The literatures published in CNKI,VIP,WanFang and PubMed databases from the database establishment to December 2022 were retrieved.After screening,the syndrome and syndrome elements of the literature that met the inclusion criteria were extracted for statistical analysis.Results:A total of 63 literatures were included,including 58 literatures of ventricular premature systole and 5 literatures of atrial premature systole,involving 6791 patients.The common symptoms of patients with premature systole included Qi and Yin deficiency syndrome(15.42%),Qi and blood deficiency syndrome(9.38%),heart and blood stasis syndrome(7.18%);common syndrome elements included heart(64.02%),kidney(12.84%),spleen(9.91%);and the common syndromes included Qi deficiency(23.14%),Yin deficiency(16.88%),blood stasis(15.99%),phlegm(9.35%).Subgroup analysis showed that the common symptoms of patients with atrial premature systole included Qi and blood deficiency syndrome(30.29%),poor heart Yang(16.57%),phlegm-fire disturbing the heart(14.86%);and the common syndrome elements included Qi deficiency(19.51%),blood deficiency(19.21%),blood stasis(16.46%).The common symptoms of patients with ventricular premature systole included Qi and Yin deficiency syndrome(15.87%),Qi and blood deficiency syndrome(8.76%),heart and blood stasis syndrome(7.40%),and the common syndrome elements included Qi deficiency(23.23%),Yin deficiency(17.03%),and blood stasis(15.98%).Conclusion:The overall syndrome characteristics of patients with premature systole were deficiency-excess complex,mainly deficiency,with interaction of Qi and Yin deficiency,and binding of phlegm-heat and blood stasis.