课外自学投入可以促进大学生创新创业能力提升吗?——来自混合研究的新发现

Can extracurricular self-study investment promote undergraduates’innovation and entrepreneurship?--New findings from hybrid researches

大学生提升创新创业能力的关键是自主学习,课外自学是自主学习的典型行为表现,但少有研究探究课外自学与创新创业能力提升的关系。为探究两者的关系,一是在质性研究部分,利用在厦门大学收集的来自全国114所高校375份夏令营营员的开放性问卷,通过质性分析提出了课外自学与创新创业能力并非线性关系的假设。二是在量化研究部分,利用19所本、专科高校的9803份有效调查数据,验证了三个假设。研究发现:①课外自学投入与创新创业能力呈“U”型关系,当前97.9%的大学生课外自学处于“U”型左侧,即绝大多数学生的课外自学投入为低质量的自主学习行为,对创新创业能力有负向影响。②随着大学生课堂学习投入水平的提高,课外自学投入对创新创业能力的负向预测作用呈逐渐降低趋势。③随着大学生掌握目标定向水平的提高,课外自学投入对创新创业能力提升的负向预测作用呈逐渐降低趋势。大学应力图创设自主学习环境,创新课堂教学方式,从而提高大学生课堂学习投入,激发大学生的内在学习动机,使大学生从被动学习转变为主动学习,真正实现大学生的自主学习。

The key for undergraduates to obtain the ability of innovation and entrepreneurship is autonomous learning.Extracurricular self-study is a typical behavior of autonomous learning,but few studies have explored the relationship between extracurricular self-study and the ability of innovation and entrepreneurship.The first is qualitative research,we collected 375 open-ended questionnaires from 114 universities in Xiamen University,and put forward the hypothesis of non-linear relationship between extracurricular self-study and innovation and entrepreneurship through qualitative analysis.Second,in the quantitative research part,we used 9803 valid survey data from 19 colleges and universities,the three hypotheses are verified.The study found that:①there is a“U”relationship between extracurricular self-study investment and innovation and entrepreneurship ability.At present,97.9% of undergraduates'extracurricular self-study is on the“U”left.The vast majority of students'extracurricular self-study investment is low-quality autonomous learning behavior,which has a negative impact on innovation and entrepreneurship.②With the improvement of undergraduates’classroom learning investment level,the negative predictive effect of extracurricular self-study investment on innovation and entrepreneurship is gradually decreasing.③With the improvement of undergraduates'mastery of goal orientation,the negative predictive effect of extracurricular self-study investment on innovation and entrepreneurship ability is gradually decreasing.Universities should strive to create an autonomous learning environment and innovate classroom teaching methods,so as to improve college students'classroom learning investment,stimulate college students’internal learning motivation,change college students from passive learning to active learning,and truly realize undergraduates’autonomous learning.