高功率质子交换膜燃料电池两相流数值模拟

Numerical simulation of two-phase flow in high power proton exchange membrane fuel cell

随着氢能产业的进步与发展,质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)的运行压力和功率密度不断提高。基于FLUENT程序包,采用非饱和流动理论(UFT)建立了梯形流道的PEMFC三维稳态非等温两相流数值模型,针对PEMFC运行压力特别是高压高功率密度工况下的两相流行为进行了模拟分析。研究表明,高运行压力会明显提高电堆功率密度、液态水冷凝速率、液态水饱和度以及膜水含量。随着压力和电流密度的提高,水的冷凝、电拖拽和反渗透会产生强烈的非线性变化,导致液态水的积聚位置向入口侧偏移。

With the progress and development of hydrogen energy industry,the operating pressure and power density of proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC)are increasing.Based on FLUENT software package,a three-dimensional steady-state non-isothermal two-phase flow numerical model of PEMFC with trapezoidal channel is established by using the unsaturated flow theory(UFT).This study simulates and analyzes the two-phase flow of PEMFC under operating pressure,especially under high pressure and high power density.The results show that high operating pressure can significantly improve the power density,liquid water cooling rate,liquid water saturation and membrane water content.With the increase of pressure and current density,water condensation rate,electric drag and reverse osmosis demonstrate strong nonlinearity,which causes the accumulation position of liquid water to move to the inlet side.