黄河下游典型水体中医药类新污染物分布特征及生态风险评价

Distribution characteristics and ecological risk assessment of emerging pharmaceutical contaminants in typical water bodies of the Lower Yellow River

为探究黄河下游水体中医药类新污染物(PPCPs)的分布特征和评估PPCPs的生态风险水平,本研究采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法分析了黄河滨州段与滨州典型水库中173种PPCPs的污染特征,并通过风险熵值法评价了PPCPs的生态风险.研究在黄河和水库中检测到21种PPCPs,其中镇静药地西泮的浓度最高,为277.7 ng·L^(-1).黄河和水库中检测到的PPCPs总浓度的范围分别为120.1~137.6 ng·L^(-1)与55.3~436.1 ng·L^(-1).抗生素、心血管药物、精神药物和兴奋剂是最常检测到的药物.黄河滨州段下游水体中脱氢硝苯地平、厄贝沙坦、灭多威、可替宁的浓度显著高于上游.水库DWS1中PPCPs的总浓度为436.1 ng·L^(-1)明显高于水库DWS2(62.4 ng·L^(-1))和水库DWS3(141.2 ng·L^(-1)).风险熵评估结果表明,黄河和水库中PPCPs的个体风险熵均处于低风险水平.但水库中PPCPs的联合风险熵接近中风险水平,需要引起注意.本研究为治理黄河下游地区的PPCPs以及预防和控制饮用水中的PPCPs提供了科学数据.

To investigate the distribution characteristics of emerging pharmaceutical contaminants(PPCPs)in the water bodies of the lower reaches of the Yellow River,a comprehensive analysis was conducted to determine the concentrations of 173 PPCPs in the Binzhou section of the Yellow River and typical reservoirs in Binzhou area.The ecological risk posed by PPCPs was evaluated using the risk quotient method.The detection of PPCPs was conducted using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.A total of Twenty-one types of PPCPs were detected in the Yellow River and the reservoirs in Binzhou.The highest concentration was found for diazepam,a sedative drug,with the concentration of 277.7 ng L-1.The total concentrations of PPCP detected in samples from the Yellow River ranged from 120.1 to 137.6 ng·L^(-1)for samples and in reservoirs,the range was from 55.3 to 436.1 ng·L^(-1).Antibiotics,cardiovascular drugs,psychotropic drugs,and stimulants were the most commonly detected PPCPs.The concentrations of dehydronifedipine,irbesartan,metocarb,and cotinine were significantly higher in the lower reaches of the Yellow River than those in the upper reaches.The concentration of PPCPs in reservoir DWS1 was significantly higher(436.1 ng·L^(-1))than those in reservoirs DWS2(62.4 ng·L^(-1))and DWS3(141.2 ng·L^(-1)).The risk entropy assessment results indicated that the individual risk entropy of PPCPs in both the Yellow River and reservoirs was at low-risk level.However,the joint risk entropy of PPCPs in the reservoir was close to medium-risk level.This study provided scientific data for PPCPs management in the lower reaches of the Yellow River and PPCPs pollution prevention and control in drinking water.