3D打印室间隔缺损模型在心脏外科年轻医生培养中的作用

The role of 3D printed ventricular septal defect model in the training of young cardiac surgeons

目的探讨3D打印心脏模型在心脏外科年轻医生培养中的应用效果,评估其在手术模拟和技能提升方面的应用价值。方法选取四川大学华西医院8名年轻心脏外科医生作为培训对象。培训前,每名学员完成2例猪心室间隔缺损(ventricular septal defect,VSD)手术,采用先天性心脏病手术培训评分工具(The Hands-On Surgical Training-Congenital Heart Surgery,HOST-CHS)对其手术操作进行评分。随后在3D打印膜周型VSD心脏模型上模拟培训6周,每周1次。培训后,所有学员再次完成2例猪心VSD修补手术。通过调查问卷、HOST-CHS评分和操作时间评估医生技能的提升情况。结果培训前,8名学员HOST-CHS平均得分为(52.2±6.3)分,VSD修补平均操作时间为(54.7±7.1)min。在使用3D打印模型进行模拟训练的6周内,8名学员完成VSD修补的操作时间有所缩短(P<0.001),HOST-CHS总得分逐渐增加(P<0.001)。其中,学员在手术认知和保护意识两大类的得分提升最显著。调查问卷结果显示学员普遍对3D模型模拟训练效果非常满意。结论3D打印VSD模型在心脏外科年轻医生的培养中展示出显著的应用优势。通过提供高度真实的解剖结构,3D模型能够有效提升医生的手术技能。建议进一步推广3D打印技术在医学教育中的应用,为培养高素质的心脏外科医生提供有力支持。

Objective To explore the application effect of 3D printed heart models in the training of young cardiac surgeons,and evaluate their application value in surgical simulation and skill improvement.Methods Eight young cardiac surgeons were selected form West China Hospital as the trainees.Before training,the Hands-On Surgical Training-Congenital Heart Surgery(HOST-CHS)operation scores of the 8 cardiac surgeons were obtained after operating on 2 pig heart models of ventricular septal defect(VSD).Subsequently,simulation training was conducted on a 3D printed peri-membrane VSD heart model for 6 weeks,once a week.After the training,all trainees completed 2 pig heart VSD repair surgeries.The improvement of doctors’skills was evaluated through survey questionnaires,HOST-CHS scores,and operation time after training.Results Before the training,the average HOST-CHS score of the 8 trainees was 52.2±6.3 points,and the average time for VSD repair was 54.7±7.1 min.During the 6-week simulation training using 3D printed models,the total score of HOST-CHS for the 8 trainees gradually increased(P<0.001),and the time required to complete VSD repair was shortened(P<0.001).The trainees had the most significant improvement in scores of surgical cognition and protective awareness.The survey results showed that trainees were generally very satisfied with the effectiveness of 3D model simulation training.Conclusion The 3D printed VSD model demonstrates significant application advantages in the training of young cardiac surgeons.By providing highly realistic anatomical structures,3D models can effectively enhance surgeons’surgical skills.It is suggested to further promote the application of 3D printing technology in medical education,providing strong support for cultivating high-quality cardiac surgeons.