逻辑、困境与出路:体育与健康学科核心素养课程化研究

Logic,Dilemma,and Solution:Curriculum Based Core Competencies in P.E.and Health Disciplines

运用文献考证、学理思辨和逻辑分析等方法,围绕体育与健康学科核心素养课程化实践进行概念辨析和文献梳理;厘清了体育与健康学科核心素养课程化实践的驱动要素和生成逻辑,并据此提出纾解策略,为新时期学校体育课程改革提供理论参考。研究认为,体育与健康学科核心素养课程化实践在宏观上存在理论体系的逻辑自洽性不足、中观上存在用“硬约束”手段引导教师的理念转轨、微观上存在底层逻辑的解释力不足等问题,使得体育与健康学科核心素养课程化实践的平台、方式、层次、类别、环境等“场域”不足以支撑“惯习”的形成。针对此,提出纾解路径:补齐理论短板,构建体育与健康学科核心素养课程化闭环式理论体系;加强教师培养,不断更新教师知识结构和技能体系;抓住“少数关键”,设计贴近学生体育认知发展的课程实践方案;构建实践共同体,引导学生实现跨学科能力的角色转变。

Curriculum based core competencies in P.E.and health disciplines are important tools for the new round of school P.E.curriculum reform,and its core is developing the comprehensive competence through solving complex problems instead of just through technical and tactical teaching.This paper clarified the major elements and generation logic of the curriculum based practice of core competencies in P.E.and health disciplines through literature research,theoretical enquiry and logic analysis so as to provide theoretical references for school P.E.curriculum reform in the new era.The driving forces for the core competencies of P.E.and health curriculum are the national educational policies representing the national will,the continuous learning ability and structured knowledge of the P.E.teachers,the inherent multiple attributes of P.E.curriculum,the physical and mental characteristics and learning process of the students.On the basis of the joint action of these driving factors,the generation logic of“four in one,coordinated promotion”of the core competencies curriculum is formed.At present,there are problems such as the lack of logical consistency in the theoretical system of the core competencies curriculum practice at the macro level,the compulsory requirements to guide the teachers’conceptual transformation at the meso level,and the insufficient explanatory power of underlying logic at the micro level,which make the platform,methods,levels,categories,environment,and other“fields”insufficient to support the formation of“habits”.In view of this,overcoming the theoretical weaknesses,constructing a closed-loop theoretical system,strengthening the teacher training,updating the teacher knowledge structure and skill system,grasping the“few key elements”,designing a practice plan close to the development of the students’sports cognition,building a shared community for practice and guiding the students to achieve role transformation in interdisciplinary abilities.