双重转型——民国瓷器装饰工艺的继承与革新

Dual Transformation:Inheritance and Innovation of Ceramic Decoration Craftsmanship during the Republic of China Era

民国时期,瓷器装饰工艺发生了从传统工艺美术向艺术化和现代化的双重转型。除了对传统手工艺进行全面继承之外,一方面手工瓷绘在保持传统工艺如青花和粉彩的同时,引入了文人风格、西方技法与新色料,产生了如浅绛彩、新粉彩和新彩等装饰工艺,向着艺术化的方向转变;另一方面采用了机械印刷、转印和喷涂等现代化技术,产生了喷花、贴花等现代工艺,使瓷器装饰更加多元化和工业化,向着现代化的方向转型。这些艺术与技术的变革为新中国成立后瓷器装饰工艺的发展奠定了基础,成为中国瓷器历史上的重要篇章。

During the Republic of China era,ceramic decoration craftsmanship underwent a dual transformation from traditional styles towards artistic and modern ways.Besides fully inheriting traditional handcrafts,this period saw the integration of literati style,Western techniques,and new color materials into manual ceramic painting,maintaining traditional crafts like blue-and-white and famille rose while fostering new forms such as light crimson color,new famille rose,and new color ceramics,transforming towards artistic direction.Simultaneously,the adoption of modern techniques like mechanical printing,transfer printing,and spray painting,prompted the emergence of modern crafts like spraying decoration and decals decoration,which in turn made ceramic decoration more diverse and industrial and transform towards modernization.These artistic and technological shifts laid the foundation for the development of ceramic decoration craftsmanship post-1949,forming a significant chapter in Chinese ceramic history.