机器人辅助前列腺癌根治性切除术治疗免穿刺活检前列腺癌的可行性

Feasibility of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy in the surgical treatment of prostate cancer without biopsy

目的探讨机器人辅助前列腺癌根治性切除术(RARP)治疗影像学高度怀疑而免穿刺活检前列腺癌患者的可行性,为后续的研究及临床应用提供参考。方法纳入2021年1月—2022年12月空军军医大学唐都医院泌尿外科就诊的影像学高度怀疑前列腺癌的患者82例,采用随机数字表法分为穿刺组与免穿刺组,各41例,所有患者均行RARP,穿刺组患者术前进行穿刺活检,活检确诊后择期手术,免穿刺组患者未进行穿刺活检直接手术。比较两组患者的主要结局指标(诊断准确率、围术期并发症、住院时间、住院总费用、尿控恢复率)、次要结局指标(手术时间、术中出血量、输血例数、留置导尿管时间、切缘阳性率、焦虑及抑郁评分差值)。结果病理证实穿刺组41例(100%)均为前列腺癌,免穿刺组中40例(97.56%)为前列腺癌。穿刺组与免穿刺组的围术期并发症发生率(19.51%vs.2.50%)、手术时间[(75.31±20.35)min vs.(60.25±10.64)min]、术中出血量[(141.25±30.45)mL vs.(111.45±33.58)mL]、住院时间[(7.89±1.21)d vs.(5.13±1.02)d]、住院总费用[(4.12±0.56)万元vs.(2.61±0.43)万元]、焦虑评分差值[(7.02±1.25)分vs.(1.99±0.42)分]、抑郁评分差值[(7.05±1.31)分vs.(1.95±0.38)分]比较,免穿刺组均更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。免穿刺组术后1、6及12个月的尿控恢复率较穿刺组略高(75.00%vs.58.54%;87.50%vs.80.49%;95.00%vs.92.68%),组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论RARP在免穿刺活检前列腺癌手术中具备可行性,可缩短患者的术后康复时间,降低患者的住院费用,减轻患者的焦虑、抑郁情绪。

Objective To explore the feasibility of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy(RARP)in the treatment of highly suspected prostate cancer without biopsy,in order to provide reference for clinical practice.Methods This study included 82 patients with highly suspected prostate cancer treated in our hospital during Jan.2021 and Dec.2022.The patients were divided into the puncture group(n=41)and non-puncture group(n=41)with random number table method.All patients underwent RARP.Biopsy was performed before operation in the puncture group while no biopsy was performed in the non-puncture group.The main outcome indicators(diagnostic accuracy,complications,hospital stay,hospital costs,urinary control rate)and secondary outcome indicators(operation time,intraoperative blood loss,number of blood transfusion,catheter indwelling time,positive incisal margin,anxiety and depression scores before and after treatment)were compared between the two groups.Results All 41 cases(100%)in the puncture group were prostate cancer,and 40 cases(97.56%)in the no-puncture group were pathologically confirmed as prostate cancer.The non-puncture group had significantly lower perioperative complication rate(19.52%vs.2.50%),shorter operation time[(75.31±20.35)min vs.(60.25±10.64)min],less intraoperative blood loss[(141.25±30.45)mL vs.(111.45±33.58)mL],shorter hospital stay[(7.89±1.21)d vs.(5.13±1.02)d],lower total hospital costs[(4.12±0.56)ten thousand yuan vs.(2.61±0.43)ten thousand yuan],and lower anxiety and depression scores[(7.02±1.25)vs.(1.99±0.42);(7.05±1.31)vs.(1.95±0.38)](P<0.05).The no-puncture group had slightly higher urinary control rate 1,6 and 12 months after treatment than the puncture group(75.00%vs.58.54%;87.50%vs.80.49%;95.00%vs.92.68%),but with no statistical significance(P>0.05).Conclusion RARP is feasible in the surgical treatment of prostate cancer without biopsy,which can shorten the postoperative rehabilitation time,reduce the hospital costs,and alleviate the anxiety and depression of patients.