“民办官助”政策的推广与实践-陕甘宁边区合作社运动的新方向

Dissemination and Application of the“People-Driven,Government-Supported”Paradigm:Innovating Cooperative Development in Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region

陕甘宁边区合作社发展初期,因相关党政干部思想僵化,采取包办代替、强迫摊派扩大股金等方式发展合作社,引起边区群众的反感,对合作社产生了消极影响。相反,南区合作社在刘建章的带领下,却走出了同其他合作社不同的道路,其开创的“民办官助”政策,帮助南区合作社不断发展壮大,以至成为南区人民的经济中心。南区合作社与其开创的“民办官助”政策作为模范被边区党委和政府所推广,并在中共西北中央局高级干部会议上受到毛泽东高度肯定,帮助党的干部在经济工作中克服教条主义、形式主义的束缚,极大发展了边区合作事业。同时在领导合作社贯彻实施“民办官助”政策中,中国共产党人也发现了自我改造的契机,极大锻炼了党的经济工作能力。

In the nascent stages of cooperative development within the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region,the prevailing methodologies employed by certain party and governmental officials,characterized by doctrinaire approaches and enforced top-down directives,led to a proliferation of resentment amongst the local populace,thereby undermining the cooperative initiative.Contrasting this,the cooperatives in the Southern District,under the adept guidance of Liu Jianzhang,diverged markedly by adopting a“people-driven,government-supported”modality.This paradigm not only facilitated the substantial growth of these cooperatives but also established them as the economic epicenter for the inhabitants of the Southern District.This exemplary model,underpinned by its foundational policy,was subsequently endorsed and propagated by the Party Committee and governmental apparatus of the Border Region.It received considerable acclaim from Mao Zedong during a convening of the senior cadre of the Communist Party of China’s Northwest Central Bureau,signifying its instrumental role in aiding party cadres to navigate beyond the constraints of dogmatism and formalism in economic engagements.Furthermore,this paradigm catalyzed a significant advancement in the cooperative movement within the Border Region,concurrently providing a conduit for self-reformative processes within the Communist Party of China,thereby substantially augmenting the Party’s acumen in economic governance.