基于4R危机管理模型的教育人工智能伦理风险防范体系构建

Construction of Ethical Risk Prevention System for Educational Artificial Intelligence Based on 4R Crisis Management Model

人工智能技术的快速发展正深刻影响和改变教育教学领域。因其智能化、自主性和交互性特点,教育人工智能应用带来诸多便利和优势的同时,也引发了诸多伦理风险和挑战,需要谨慎应对和积极解决。基于SHEL风控模型,教育人工智能应用的伦理风险可归纳为软件相关、硬件相关、环境相关和人件相关四类风险,伦理风险防范现存三个短板急需化解;借鉴4R危机管理模型,该文构建了一个多方参与、全程管理、高效协同的伦理风险防范体系,设计四层实践路径,并结合实践阐述了风险防范的实现方式,以创新地应对教育人工智能应用的伦理风险防范问题,助推教育人工智能的可持续健康发展。

The rapid development of artificial intelligence technology is profoundly affecting and changing the field of education and teaching.Because of its intelligence,autonomy and interactivity,while the application of artificial intelligence in education brings many conveniences and advantages,it also triggers many ethical risks and challenges,which need to be dealt with carefully and actively resolved.Based on the SHEL risk control model,the ethical risks of educational artificial intelligence applications can be summarized into four types of risks:software-related,hardware-related,environment-related and human-ware-related risks.There are three existing shortcomings in ethical risk prevention that need to be resolved;Drawing on the 4R Crisis Management Model,an ethical risk prevention system with multi-party participation,whole process management,and efficient synergy is constructed,a four-layer practice path is designed,and the realization of risk prevention is elaborated in the light of practice,so as to innovatively cope with the issue of ethical risk prevention of the application of AI in education,and to boost the sustainable and healthy development of AI in education.