严寒地区城市街区形态对建筑减碳的影响及策略研究

Research on the Impact and Strategies of Urban Block Form on Building Carbon Reduction in Severe Cold Regions

气候变化一直是影响建筑能耗的主要因素,城市街区是建筑群体组成的主要城市单元,反映了城市的丰富业态和居住人群,对建筑物的能耗影响效果显著,进而会影响建筑的碳排放量。严寒地区的建筑保温措施相当重要,建筑物的主要能耗即是建筑的保温。城市会有不同形态的城市街区,街区自身的微气候特征直接影响街区内部建筑物的碳排放。在我国双碳政策的大背景下,文章从城市街区形态对建筑的减碳进行探讨和研究,提出街区形态影响建筑碳排放的因素指标,并且就建筑单体节能减排的碳排放指标提出建议。

Climate change has always been the main factor affecting building energy consumption.Urban blocks are the main urban units composed of building clusters,including the rich commercial formats and residential population of the city.They have a significant impact on building energy consumption,which in turn affects the carbon emissions of buildings.The insulation measures for buildings in severe cold areas are quite important,and the main energy consumption of buildings is their insulation.There are different forms of urban blocks,and the microclimate characteristics of the blocks themselves directly affect the carbon emissions of the buildings inside the blocks.In the context of China's dual carbon policy,this paper explores and studies the carbon reduction of buildings from the perspective of urban block morphology,proposes factors and indicators of block morphology that affect building carbon emissions,and proposes suggestions on carbon emission indicators for single building energy conservation and emission reduction.