智能化小夹板及高分子石膏固定治疗老年桡骨远端骨折的疗效与安全性对比

Comparison of efficacy and safety between intelligent small splints and polymer plaster fixation for the treatment of distal radius fractures in the elderly

目的探讨智能化小夹板及高分子石膏固定治疗老年桡骨远端骨折的疗效与安全性。方法2021年1月~2022年12月收治的老年桡骨远端骨折病人40例,按随机数表法分成对照组和治疗组,每组各20例,对照组采用高分子石膏固定治疗,治疗组采用智能化小夹板联合高分子石膏固定治疗。观察两组病人治疗后复位情况(掌倾角、尺偏角、桡骨高度)、关节功能(DASH评分)、疼痛情况(VAS评分)、关节活动度(手腕掌屈、桡偏、尺偏、背伸、旋前和旋后)及并发症情况。结果治疗前,两组掌倾角、尺偏角、桡骨高度值比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后,两掌倾角、尺偏角、桡骨高度值均较治疗前提高,且治疗后治疗组掌倾角、尺偏角、桡骨高度值均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组DASH评分、VAS评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后,两组DASH评分、VAS评分均较治疗前降低,且治疗后治疗组DASH评分、VAS评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,治疗组掌屈、桡偏、尺偏、背伸、旋前、旋后等关节活动度高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,对照组组总并发症发生率20.00%(4/20)高于治疗组5.00%(1/20),但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。随访6个月两组病人治疗满意度比较无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论智能化小夹板联合高分子石膏固定治疗在复位情况、关节功能、疼痛情况和关节活动度方面均优于单独高分子石膏固定治疗。

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety comparison of intelligent small splints and polymer plaster fixation for the treatment of distal radius fractures in the elderly.Methods Forty elderly patients with distal radius fractures who were diagnosed and treated in our hospital from January 2021 to December 2022 were selected as the research subjects.They were divided into two groups using a random number table method,with 20 cases in each group.The control group was treated with polymer gypsum fixation,while the treatment group was treated with intelligent small splints combined with polymer gypsum fixation.Observe the reduction status(palm tilt angle,ulnar deviation angle,radius height),joint function(DASH score),pain(VAS score),joint range of motion(wrist flexion,radius deviation,ulnar deviation,back extension,pronation,and supination),and complications of the two groups of patients after treatment.Result Before treatment,there was no statistically significant difference(P>0.05)in the values of palmar inclination,ulnar deviation angle,and radius height between the two groups.After treatment,the values of palmar inclination,ulnar deviation angle,and radius height increased compared to before treatment,and after treatment,the values of palmar inclination,ulnar deviation angle,and radius height in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Before treatment,there was no statistically significant difference in DASH and VAS scores between the two groups(P>0.05).After treatment,both DASH and VAS scores decreased compared to before treatment,and the DASH and VAS scores in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the joint mobility of palm flexion,radial deviation,ulnar deviation,back extension,pronation,and supination in the treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the total incidence of complications in the control group was 20.00%(4/20),slightly higher than that in the treatment group of 5.00%(1/20),but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The patients were followed up for 6 months.At the end of follow-up,there was no significant difference in treatment satisfaction between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion The combination of intelligent small splints and polymer gypsum fixation therapy is superior to polymer gypsum fixation therapy alone in terms of reduction,joint function,pain,and joint mobility.