海洋哺乳动物声信号检测与识别技术研究进展

Overview of acoustic signal detection and recognition technology for marine mammals

海洋哺乳动物声信号的检测和识别对濒危海洋哺乳动物的调查研究、海洋生态环境的监控和保护、海洋水产养殖的管理和仿生隐蔽水声通信等多个领域有重要的研究价值和实践意义。海洋哺乳动物的声信号具有带宽较大、频率成分复杂以及变化迅速等特点,使得海洋哺乳动物声信号自动识别算法的设计成为难点。该文通过海洋哺乳动物声信号识别技术的分析研究,从特征提取和分类器识别两个方面进行归纳总结,分别阐述每种应用算法的特点、基本原理以及具体应用场景,探讨提出了海洋哺乳动物声信号识别领域未来关注的三个研究方向。

The detection and recognition of acoustic signals from marine mammals has always had important research value and practical signification in various fields,such as the investigation and research of endangered marine mammals,monitoring and protection of marine ecological environment,management of marine aquaculture,and biomimetic concealed underwater acoustic communication.Due to the characteristics of large bandwidth,complex frequency components,and rapid changes in the acoustic signals of marine mammals,the design of automatic recognition algorithms for marine mammalian acoustic signals has become a challenge.This paper analyzes and studies the acoustic signal recognition technology of marine mammals,and summarizes it from two aspects:feature extraction and classifier recognition.Elaborate on the characteristics,basic principles,and specific application scenarios of each application algorithms in the above two aspects,and explore and propose three future research directions in the field of marine mammalian acoustic signal recognition.