虾夷扇贝自交与杂交群体不同时期的生长比较和通径分析

Growth comparison and path analysis of inbred and hybrid groups of Patinopecten yessoensis at different stages

为探究虾夷扇贝(Patinopecten yessoensis)(♀)与栉孔扇贝(Chlamys farreri)(♂)杂交群体和虾夷扇贝自交群体数量性状间的差异以及形态性状对体质量性状的影响,采用数量性状对比、相关性分析、通径分析和决定系数分析等方法对在4月龄和20月龄时的杂交群体与自交群体的数量性状进行综合分析比较。结果显示,杂交群体各数量性状的均值大于自交群体;4月龄时两群体数量性状间的差异小于20月龄时。4月龄时,对自交群体体质量性状(湿重、软体重)的直接作用最大的是壳长,通径系数分别为0.673、0.831;对杂交群体体质量性状的直接作用最大的是壳高,通径系数分别为0.452、0.574。20月龄时,对自交群体体质量性状(湿重、软体重和闭壳肌重)的直接作用最大的是壳高,通径系数分别为0.630、0.547和0.523;对杂交群体体质量性状的直接作用最大的是壳长,通径系数分别为0.836、0.934和0.933。在通径分析基础上,建立了主要形态性状对湿重、软体重和闭壳肌重的线性回归方程,总决定系数(R2)在0.690~0.939。研究结果可为虾夷扇贝不同目标的人工选育提供数据参考,有助于虾夷扇贝产量的提高和品质的提升。

To explore the differences in quantitative traits between the hybrid group Patinopecten yessoensis(♀)×Chlamys farreri(♂)and the inbred group of P.yessoensis and the effects of morphological traits on the bodymass,growth comparison,correlation analysis,path analysis,and determination degree analysis were used to comprehensively analyze the quantitative traits of each group.The results showed that the mean values of quantitative traits in the hybrid group were larger than those in the inbred group.At the shell age of 4 months,the greatest difference in tissue weight and the least difference in hinge length were observed between two groups,and the values of tissue weight and hinge length of the hybrid group were 26.09%and 1.08%higher than those of the inbred group,respectively.At the shell age of 4 months,the greatest difference in tissue weight and the least difference in hinge thickness were observed between two groups,and the values of tissue weight and hinge thickness of the hybrid crossed group were 32.79%and 2.41%higher than those of the inbred group.Except for the wet weight,the differences in the quantitative traits between two groups increased with the increase of shell age.At the shell age of 4 months,the shell length had the greatest direct effect on bodymass traits(wet weight and tissue weight)of the inbred group,and the path coefficients were 0.673 and 0.831,respectively.The direct effect of shell height on bodymass traits of the hybrid group was the greatest,and the path coefficients were 0.452 and 0.574,respectively.At the shell age of 20 months,shell height had the greatest direct effect on inbred group bodymass traits(wet weight,tissue weight and adductor weight),and the path coefficients were 0.630,0.547 and 0.523,respectively.The direct effect of shell length on bodymass traits of the hybrid group was the greatest,and the path coefficients were 0.836,0.934 and 0.933,respectively.At the same time,the linear regression equations of main morphological traits on wet weight,tissue weight and adductor weight were established on the basis of path analysis,with the total determination coefficient(R 2)ranging from 0.690 to 0.939.At the shell age of 4 months,when the target trait for selection was wet weight,the inbred group should be selected first by shell length,and the hybrid group should be selected first by shell height,while paying attention to the synergistic selection of shell width and hinge length.At the shell age of 4 months,when wet weight,soft weight and adductor weight were the target traits,the inbred group should also be selected based on shell height,followed by shell width;the hybrid group should be selected mainly based on shell length,but when wet weight was the target trait,the synergistic selection of shell width should also be considered.When wet weight was the target trait,the synergistic selection of shell width should also be considered.This study provides a data reference for the artificial selection of different targets of P.yessoensis,which helps to improve the yield and quality of P.yessoensis.s.