立式双曲面网板水动力性能优化研究

Study on hydrodynamic performance optimization of biplane-type otter boards

为研究结构型式及尺寸对立式双曲面网板水动力性能的影响机理,基于计算流体力学方法,建立立式双曲面网板三维数值模型,计算分析其水动力性能,并通过设计制作缩比模型开展动水槽试验,验证数值结果的有效性。开展曲面板弯曲度、弯曲度位置、支撑板间距等不同结构参数对立式双曲面网板水动力性能的影响规律研究,以探究最优化的结构设计方案。研究结果表明:曲面板弯曲度的同步改变和单一改变均会对立式双曲面网板的水动力性能产生不同程度的影响。如果只考虑扩张效果,曲面板A、B的弯曲度均设置为20%左右,或曲面板A弯曲度设置为15%、曲面板B弯曲度设置为25%左右,均可在一定范围内将立式双曲面网板的最大升力系数提高到最大值;但从网板综合性能考虑,后一方案可获得更高的最大升阻比。当曲面板弯曲度位置同步设置为50%时,网板升力系数可达到最大值,此时扩张效果最佳,而当曲面板弯曲度位置同步设置为20%时,最大升阻比达到峰值,网板综合性能相对更好。支撑板间距对立式双曲面网板水动力性能的影响不明显,将支撑板间距设置为420 mm左右,可在小冲角范围内提升其最大升阻比。

To study the effect mechanism of the structural characteristics on the hydrodynamic performance of biplane-type otter boards,this paper employs the computational fluid dynamics method,develops three-dimensional numerical models of biplane-type otter boards,calculates and analyzes their hydrodynamic performance.The validity of the numerical simulation results is verified by designating and manufacturing a scaled model to conduct dynamic flume experiments.In this research,the effect of different structural parameters,i.e.,the curvature of the curved plates,position of the curvature,and support plate spacing,on the hydrodynamic performance of biplane-type otter boards was investigated.Subsequently,the optimal structural design was explored.The results revealed that both simultaneous and single changes in the curvature of the curved plates had different effects on the hydrodynamic performance of biplane-type otter boards.Considering only the expansion effect,the curvature of both the curved plates A and B could be set to about 20%,or the curvature of the curved plate A could be set to 15%and that of the curved plate B to about 25%.In both cases,the maximum lift coefficient of biplane-type otter boards could be increased to the maximum value within a certain range.However,when considering the overall performance of the otter boards,the latter solution could provide the maximum lift-to-drag ratio.When the bending position of the curved plate was set to 50%synchronously,the maximum lift coefficient of the otter boards could reach its maximum value,and the overall performance was relatively better.On the other hand,when the bending position of the curved plate was set to 20%synchronously,the maximum lift-to-drag ratio reached its maximum value and the overall performance of the otter boards became relatively better.The support plate spacing did not have a significant effect on hydrodynamic performance and setting the support plate spacing to about 420 mm could improve the maximum lift-to-drag ratio within small angle range.