高分化/去分化脂肪肉瘤的疾病特征及免疫相关治疗的研究进展

Research progress on disease characteristics and immune-related treatment of well-differentiated/dedifferentiated liposarcoma

脂肪肉瘤是常见的软组织恶性肿瘤,具有多种组织学分型,其中高分化脂肪肉瘤和去分化脂肪肉瘤是脂肪肉瘤发病的最大亚群。经常规方式治疗,去分化脂肪肉瘤患者通过常规方式治疗的5年生存率并未得到明显改善。近年来,免疫治疗在黑色素瘤和肺癌等肿瘤中显示出明显的疗效,进而在高分化脂肪肉瘤和去分化脂肪肉瘤中开展了广泛的研究,本文总结了高分化脂肪肉瘤和去分化脂肪肉瘤的临床及遗传学特点,常规的治疗方式以及免疫治疗在脂肪肉瘤中的应用,包括免疫检查点抑制剂、过继细胞疗法、溶瘤病毒、癌症疫苗和免疫治疗联合其他治疗方案。整合脂肪肉瘤免疫相关治疗方案是目前亟待解决的问题,也为临床工作了解脂肪肉瘤及新型管理治疗策略提供广阔思路。

Liposarcoma is a common soft tissue malignant tumor with multiple histological types,among which well-differentiated liposarcoma and dedifferentiated liposarcoma are the largest subgroups of liposarcoma.After conventional treatment,the 5-year survival rate of patients with dedifferentiated liposarcoma has not been significantly improved.In recent years,immunotherapy has shown significant efficacy in tumors such as melanoma and lung cancer,and has been widely studied in well-differentiated liposarcoma and dedifferentiated liposarcoma.This article summarizes the clinical and genetic features of well-differentiated liposarcoma and dedifferentiated liposarcoma,conventional treatment methods,and the application of immunotherapy in liposarcoma,including immune checkpoint inhibitors,adoptive cell therapy,oncolytic viruses,cancer vaccines,and immunotherapy combined with other treatment options.Integrating immune-related treatment options for liposarcoma is an urgent problem to be solved,and it also provides broad ideas for clinical work to understand liposarcoma and new management and treatment strategies.