多参数耦合的锂离子电池热失控监测预警技术

Multi-Parameter Coupled Monitoring and Early Warning Technology for Thermal Runaway of Lithium-Ion Batteries

锂离子电池安全监测预警系统能够有效预防锂离子电池安全事故的发生,但目前的检测预警系统存在易误报、灵敏度低的问题。为此,提出了一种基于多参数耦合的锂离子电池热失控监测预警技术。该技术基于Arduino单片机进行中央管理,利用热电偶、气体相关传感器、电压传感器等装置实时监测锂离子电池的工作状态,判断电池的安全状况,还可通过连接外部设备对电池不同的危险状态进行针对性处置。以商业18650型圆柱电池为例进行热失控处理实验,通过分析电池热失控过程中释放气体的种类和浓度变化、电压与温度的变化情况以及电池容量在经历高温后的影响等因素,对电池工作状态进行三级预警并确定各项参数阈值。该技术还可以根据实际的工作情况增加其他参数以保证预警的准确性。

The lithium-ion battery safety monitoring and warning system is considered to be effective in preventing safety accidents of lithium-ion batteries.However,the current detection and warning systems have problems such as easy false alarms and low sensitivity.Therefore,this paper proposes a multi-parameter coupled lithium-ion battery thermal runaway monitoring and warning technology.This technology is based on Arduino microcontrollers for central management and utilizes devices such as thermocouples,gas sensors,and voltage sensors to monitor the working status of the lithium-ion battery in real-time,judge its safety condition,and take targeted measures for different dangerous states by connecting external devices.Taking the commercial 18650 cylindrical battery as an example,this paper conducts thermal runaway processing experiments,analyzes factors such as the types and concentration changes of released gases,voltage and temperature changes,and the impact on battery capacity after experiencing high temperatures during the battery′s thermal runaway process,and determines the threelevel warning of the battery′s working status and the threshold values of each parameter.The technology can also add other parameters according to the actual working conditions to ensure the accuracy of early warning.