ICU与普通病房中碳青霉烯类耐药鲍曼不动杆菌感染特征及耐药性分析

Infection and drug resistance characteristics of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in ICU and general wards

目的:探讨重症监护室(Intensive care unit,ICU)与普通病房患者碳青霉烯类耐药鲍曼不动杆菌(Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii,CRAB)感染特征及耐药性。方法:随机抽取2022年1月至2024年3月我院收治的120例CRAB感染患者,其中ICU与普通病房各60例,采用微生物鉴定及药敏分析系统观察两组CRAB感染特点,分析其耐药情况。结果:ICU与普通病房CRAB感染均以呼吸道感染为主,ICU病房、普通病房对于替加环素、米诺环素的耐药率低于其他抗生素类型(P<0.05);ICU病房分离出的CRAB菌株对氨苄西林/舒巴坦、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、头孢吡肟、阿米卡星的耐药率均高于普通病房(P<0.05);ICU与普通病房AmpC、OXA-23、OXA-24、OXA-51、IMP-1、IMP-2、VIM-1、VIM-2耐药基因阳性率比较(P>0.05)。结论:ICU与普通病房CRAB感染均以呼吸道感染为主,且相较于普通病房,ICU中CRAB菌株耐药率更高。

Objective:To explore infection characteristics and drug resistance of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii(CRAB)in the intensive care unit(ICU)and general wards.Methods:A total of 120 patients with CRAB infection in the hospital were randomly enrolled between January 2022 and March 2024,including 60 cases in the ICU and 60 cases in general wards.The infection characteristics of CRAB in the two groups were observed by microbial identification and drug sensitivity analysis system,and drug resistance of CRAB was analyzed.Results:The main type of CRAB infection was respiratory tract infection in the ICU and general wards.In ICU and general wards,drug resistance rates of CRAB strains to tigecycline and minocycline were lower than those to the other antibiotics(P<0.05).The drug resistance rates of CRAB strains to ampicillin/sulbactam,cefoperazone/sulbactam,cefepime,and amikacin in the ICU were higher than those of in general wards(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in positive rates of drug resistance genes(AmpC,OXA-23,OXA-24,OXA-51,IMP-1,IMP-2,VIM-1,and VIM-2)between ICU and general wards(P>0.05).Conclusion:The main type of CRAB infection is respiratory tract infection in the ICU and general wards.Compared with general wards,drug resistance rates of CRAB strains are higher in ICU.