ELISA与GICA法在梅毒螺旋体特异性抗体检测中的应用价值

Application value of ELISA and GICA in detection of specific antibodies to Treponema pallidum

目的:探究胶体金免疫层析法(GICA)与酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)在梅毒螺旋体特异性抗体检测中的应用价值。方法:选择2021年7月-2023年8月期间于本院就诊的疑似梅毒患者60例作为研究对象。以明胶颗粒凝集试验(TPPA)作为梅毒螺旋体特异性抗体检测的“金标准”。所有患者均行GICA、ELISA,分析对比两种检测方法的检测结果。对比阳性及阴性患者梅毒螺旋体特异性抗体水平;对比不同检测法的测定时间;对比不同检测方法下诊断梅毒螺旋体特异性抗体的应用价值,并计算与“金标准”的一致性。结果:60例疑似患者中经TPPA检测明确阳性47例,GICA检测明确阳性43例,ELISA检测明确阳性46例。阳性患者梅毒螺旋体特异性抗体水平显著高于阴性梅毒螺旋体特异性抗体水平(P<0.05)。GICA法检测梅毒螺旋体特异性抗体时间显著长于ELISA法检测梅毒螺旋体特异性抗体时间(P<0.05)。相比于GICA法,ELISA法诊断梅毒螺旋体特异性抗体中灵敏度、准确度均较高,有统计学差异(P<0.05)。一致性检验显示:GICA检测一致性尚可(kappa值=0.470,P=0.000),ELISA法检测一致性良好(kappa值=0.857,P=0.000)。结论:与GICA法相比,梅毒螺旋体特异性抗体检测中ELISA法具有较高的临床应用价值,检测时间较短,准确度较高,并与“金标准”一致性较高。

Objective:To investigate the application value of colloidal gold immunochromatography(GICA)and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)in the detection of specific antibodies to Treponema pallidum.Methods:60 suspected syphilis patients treated in our hospital from July 2021 to August 2023 were selected as the study objects.Gelatin particle agglutination test(TPPA)was used as the"gold standard"for the detection of treponema pallidum specific antibodies.GICA and ELISA were performed in all patients,and the results of the two methods were analyzed and compared.The specific antibody levels of treponema pallidum were compared between positive and negative patients.Compare the determination time of different detection methods;The application value of different detection methods for the diagnosis of treponema pallidum specific antibodies was compared,and the consistency with the"gold standard"was calculated.Results:Among the 60 suspected patients,47 were confirmed positive by TPPA,43 were confirmed positive by GICA and 46 were confirmed positive by ELISA.The level of treponema pallidum specific antibody in positive patients was significantly higher than that in negative patients(P<0.05).The detection time of treponema pallidum specific antibody by GICA was significantly longer than that by ELISA(P<0.05).Compared with GICA method,ELISA method had higher sensitivity and accuracy in the diagnosis of Treponema pallidum specific antibodies,with statistical difference(P<0.05).Consistency test showed that the consistency of GICA detection was acceptable(kappa=0.470,P=0.000),and the consistency of ELISA detection was good(kappa=0.857,P=0.000).Conclusion:Compared with GICA method,ELISA method has higher clinical application value,shorter detection time,higher accuracy,and higher consistency with"gold standard".