早期分阶段肠内营养干预应用于脑出血术后患者的效果研究

Study on the effect of early staged enteral nutrition intervention on patients with cerebral hemorrhage after surgery

目的:研究早期分阶段肠内营养干预模式对脑出血术后患者预后恢复及神经功能的影响。方法:选取2020年7月至2023年6月期间本院收治的行血肿清除术的脑出血患者136例作为研究对象。随机将患者分为对照组和观察组,每组各68例。对照组予以常规营养干预,观察组予以早期分阶段营养干预。分析比较两组的术后恢复情况、并发症发生率及入院时、营养干预1周后的营养指标、血清神经功能相关指标、神经缺损量表(National institute of health stroke scale,NIHSS)评分。结果:观察组的首次肛门排气时间、排便时间、肠鸣音恢复时间、住院时间均较对照组显著缩短(P<0.05)。干预1周后,两组的血清白蛋白、血红蛋白、转铁蛋白各项营养指标均较入院时降低,且观察组的各项营养指标均显著高于观察组(P<0.05)。干预1周后,两组的血清髓鞘碱性蛋白、S100B蛋白、神经生长因子各项神经功能指标及NIHSS评分均较对照组降低,且观察组的各项指标均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组的并发症发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:早期分阶段肠内营养干预模式能促进患者术后恢复,改善脑出血术后的营养状态,促进神经功能恢复,降低术后并发症发生率。

Objective:To investigate the effect of early staged enteral nutrition intervention on the prognosis and neurological function of patients after cerebral hemorrhage surgery.Methods:A total of 136 patients with cerebral hemorrhage who underwent hematoma removal surgery in our hospital from July 2020 to June 2023 were selected as the research subjects.Patients were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group,with 68 cases in each group.The control group received routine nutritional intervention,while the observation group received early staged nutritional intervention.The postoperative recovery and complication rates of the two groups were analyzed and compared,as well as the nutritional indicators,serum neurologic function-related indicators,and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)scores at admission and after 1 week of nutritional intervention.Results:The observation group exhibited a significant reduction in the time of first anal exhaust,defecation,recovery of bowel sounds,and hospitalization compared to the control group(P<0.05).After one week of intervention,the nutritional indicators of serum albumin,hemoglobin,and transferrin in both groups decreased compared to those at admission,and the nutritional indicators in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).After one week of intervention,the serum levels of myelin basic protein,S100B protein,nerve growth factor,and various neurological function indicators as well as the NIHSS scores in both groups decreased compared to the control group,and the various indicators in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of complications in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The early staged enteral nutrition intervention model can promote postoperative recovery,improve the nutritional status of patients after cerebral hemorrhage surgery,promote neurological function recovery,and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.