水稻幼穗在不同高温胁迫处理下的转录组对比分析

Comparative Analysis of Rice Young Panicle Transcriptome under Different High-temperature Stress Treatments

在全球变暖的背景下,高温胁迫已成为制约水稻高产稳产的主要原因之一,发掘新的耐热种质资源、鉴定水稻耐热基因、提高水稻耐热能力、培育出耐热品种是保证水稻产量的重要途径。通过对孕穗期耐热种质资源冷水白(LSB)在2种不同高温胁迫(35和38℃)处理后幼穗的转录组进行分析,共鉴定出785个差异表达基因(DEGs),其中有差异表达基因152个,上调表达基因81个、下调表达基因71个。对DEGs进行GO分类和KEGG途径分析,认为高温下幼穗代谢途径基因表达受到抑制,并可能影响了幼穗的发育,而氧化还原过程和蛋白加工途径是冷水白抵御高温热害的关键,并且耐热转录因子以及内源激素的表达变化可能在冷水白响应热胁迫中发挥了重要作用。综上,强抗氧化能力、转录因子和激素的表达是水稻冷水白具有更强耐热性的关键,筛选出的耐热相关基因可为培育耐热水稻提供新的参考。

Under the background of global warming,high-temperature stress has become one of the main problems restricting high and stable yield of rice.Identification of rice heat-resistant genes,exploration of new heat-resistant germplasm resources,improvement of rice heat tolerance,and cultivation of heat-resistant varieties are important ways to ensure rice yield.The transcriptomes of young panicles of a heat-tolerant germplasm resource“Lengshuibai(LSB)”treated with two different high temperature stresses(35℃ and 38℃)at the booting stage were analyzed.A total of 785 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were identified,of which 152 were differentially expressed,81 were up-regulated and 71 were down-regulated.GO classification and KEGG pathway analysis of DEGs showed that the expression of genes in metabolic pathways of young panicle under high temperature was inhibited,which may affect the panicle development.The REDOX process and protein processing pathway were the key to the key to resist high temperature,and the expression changes of heat-tolerant transcription factors and endogenous hormones may play an important role in the heat-tolerant pathway of LSB.In conclusion,strong antioxidant capacity,transcription factors and hormone expression were the key factors for the stronger heat tolerance of LSB,and the heat tolerance related genes were screened out,which can provide a new reference for the cultivation of heat-tolerant rice.