中国参与周边安全治理的进程与经验

China’s Security Governance in the Neighboring Countries and Reigions:Processes and Experiences

周边安全治理介于全球安全治理和国家安全治理之间,与安全地区主义有着密切的联系。自新中国成立以来,参与周边安全治理历经被动应对阶段(1949—1991年)、有限参与阶段(1991—2001年)以及积极进取阶段(2001年至今),由消极应对者到有限参与者、再到积极引领者与主动塑造者的角色变迁。通过历史考察,中国参与周边安全治理有着相应的经验:一是周边安全治理的动力机制与国家战略偏好有着内在逻辑关系,循着“安全导向型—发展导向型—威望导向型”的发展轨迹;二是周边安全治理的角色变迁受到国家实力与区域体系结构的作用;三是周边安全治理有着延续性与变革性的双重特征,尤其体现在治理理念、原则、主体、路径等方面;四是周边安全治理在全球安全治理与国家安全治理之间寻求平衡。随着大国战略竞争的加剧以及周边安全变局的演化,中国需建构出展现民族特色与时代风格的周边安全治理体系。

Situated between global security governance and national security governance,peripheral security governance is integral to the development of both security regionalism and regionalization.Since 1949,China’s participation in peripheral security governance has evolved through three distinct phases:passive coping(1949-1991),limited participation(1991-2001),and proactive engagement(2001-present).This engagement is driven by several key factors.First,China’s strategic preferences have shifted over time,moving from a security-oriented focus to a development-oriented and,more recently,a prestige-oriented approach.Second,changes in China’s national strength and regional power dynamics have influenced its evolving role.Third,continuity and transformation characterize China’s approach to peripheral security governance,evident in its evolving concepts,principles,actors,and methods.Finally,China emphasizes balancing global and national security interests within its peripheral security governance framework.In light of intensifying strategic competition among major powers and the evolving nature of peripheral security,China should develop a new system of peripheral security governance that addresses the specific needs of its periphery while reflecting both its national characteristics and its contemporary approach.