马克思哲学发展中的三次逻辑转变——从异化逻辑到资本逻辑

The Three Logical Transformations in the Development of Marxist Philosophy--From Alienation Logic to Capital Logic

马克思的哲学逻辑发展经历了三次重要转变,分别是从异化逻辑的产生到生产逻辑的形成,又从生产逻辑转变为资本逻辑。三次转变体现了马克思哲学思想的成熟过程,异化逻辑到生产逻辑的转变是马克思从先验的假设转向人类社会的本身进而形成了唯物史观的社会发展理论;生产逻辑到资本逻辑的转变是马克思揭示了资本的逐利本质,在资本逻辑的引领下资本主义社会以满足物质生产为基础的生产逻辑为载体不断追求利润的最大化。可以说,异化逻辑与生产逻辑是资本逻辑的衍生,资本逻辑是二者的归旨。如何理解异化逻辑、生产逻辑和资本逻辑三者间的关系,对于正确理解马克思主义哲学历史进程以及发掘《资本论》的哲学意蕴具有重要的时代意义。

Marx’s philosophical logic has undergone three important transformations,namely from the emergence of alienation logic to the formation of production logic,and from production logic to capital logic.The three transformations reflect the mature process of Marx’s philosophical thought,and the transition from alienation logic to production logic is Marx’s shift from a priori assumptions to the essence of human society,thus forming the social development theory of materialist conception of history.The transformation from production logic to capital logic is Marx’s revelation of the profit driven nature of capital.Under the guidance of capital logic,capitalist society continuously pursues the maximization of profits based on the production logic that satisfies material production.It can be said that alienation logic and production logic are derivatives of capital logic,and capital logic is the ultimate goal of both.How to understand the relationship between alienation logic,production logic,and capital logic is of great significance for correctly understanding the historical process of Marxist philosophy and exploring the philosophical implications of“On Capital”.