武都油橄榄大粒横沟象危害及防治措施

The Hazard and Prevention Measures of Dyscerus cribripennis Infestation on Olea europaea in Wudu District

油橄榄作为世界四大木本油料作物之一,具有重要的经济价值和生态价值。然而,油橄榄产业在陇南武都地区的发展受到了大粒横沟象的严重威胁。本研究通过实地踏查、询问、标准地调查等方法,对武都区油橄榄病虫害发生情况进行调查。结果显示,该虫害在调查区内危害范围广、危害程度严重,包括生长衰弱、叶片黄化脱落、结实能力下降,甚至整株死亡。在385棵调查的油橄榄中,有246棵受到危害,死亡率达到14%。本研究进一步探究了大粒横沟象的生物学特性,包括时代重叠、成虫假死行为和隐蔽取食习性。为了有效控制该虫害的发生和危害,本文提出了一系列综合防治措施,包括加强对该虫害的监测和预警,强化综合管理技术,将园艺管理、物理防治、化学防治、生物防治等防治措施有效结合,做到绿色防治、群防群治。维护油橄榄与环境和谐共生良好生态系统,促进油橄榄产业的可持续发展。

Olea europaea,as one of the four major woody oil crops in the world,has important economic and ecological value.However,the development of O.europaea industry in Wudu area of Longnan was seriously threatened by Dyscerus cribripennis.This study investigated the occurrence of O.europaea pests and diseases in Wudu district by field investigation,inquiry and standard investigation.The results showed that the pest had a wide range and serious harm in the survey area,including the evidences of weak growth,leaf yellowing and falling off,declining fruit bearing ability,and even whole plant death.A total of 385 of O.europaea were investigated,the result found that the 246 of O.europaea were damaged,accounting mortality rate for 14%.This study further investigated the biological characteristics of D.cribripennis,including time overlap,adult suspended animation and covert feeding habits.In order to effectively control the occurrence and harm of the pest,this paper puts forward a series of comprehensive control measures,including strengthening the monitoring and early warning of the pest,strengthening the comprehensive management technology,combining horticultural management,physical control,chemical control,biological control and other control measures comprehensively,so as to achieve green control and mass control.Besides,maintaining the good ecosystem of harmonious coexistence between O.europaea and environment,which eventually promote the sustainable development of O.europaea industry.