二维导电纳米材料在聚合物燃烧预警及阻燃应用中的研究进展

Research Progress of Two-dimensional Conductive Nanomaterials in Polymer Combustion Early Warning and Flame-retardant Applications

石墨烯、MXene等二维导电纳米材料由于具有独特的结构和导电性,在火灾预警和阻燃领域展现出优异的性能和广阔的应用前景。聚合物及其复合材料的广泛应用带来了一定的安全隐患和火灾风险。但传统火灾报警器难以在未见明火的预燃阶段及时发出警报信号,进而导致救援人员错失最佳救援时间,因此火灾的早期预警对保护人身安全和财产具有重要意义。广大科研工作者分别从绿色、环保、舒适、消防安全等角度出发,致力于提高材料的阻燃性、灵敏度以及响应时间。本文综述了近年来预警阻燃涂层的响应机制及研究现状,介绍了以石墨烯、MXene二维导电纳米材料为主的预警阻燃涂层的制备方法、预警阻燃机制及性能改进策略,总结了目前研究工作中仍旧存在的不足以及未来的发展方向,能够为阻燃预警相关工作的开展提供参考。

Two-dimensional conductive nanomaterials such as graphene and MXene show excellent performance and broad application prospects in the field of fire warning and flame retardancy due to their unique structure and conductivity.It is found that with the wide application of polymers and their composite materials,it brings certain safety hazards and fire risks.However,it is difficult for traditional fire alarms to issue alarm signals in time in the preignition stage without open flames,which in turn causes rescuers to miss the best rescue time,so early warning of fire is of great significance to protect personal safety and property.This paper reviews the response mechanism and research status of early warning flame retardant coatings in recent years,introduces the preparation method,early warning flame retardant mechanism and performance improvement strategy of early warning flame retardant coating based on graphene and MXene two-dimensional conductive nanomaterials,and summarizes the shortcomings and future development directions of the current research work,which can provide reference for the development of flame retardant early warning related work.